高管特征对上市公司技术创新的影响研究

摘要在我国市场经济不断发展、行业竞争日趋激烈的今天，科技创新已经成为全球的主流。为了获取竞争优势和实现长期发展，一个国家必须提升自己的创新能力。目前，我国也在积极建设“创新型国家”，大力支持企业创新，而上市创新企业也是我国推动自主创新和形成新兴产业的中坚力量。对企业技术创新产生影响的因素有很多，而高管人员是企业战略方针和经营活动的主要决策者，他们对企业研发创新的重要性是毋庸置疑的本文以沪深两市A股上市公司为研究对象，从高管团队背景特征出发并结合企业产权性质这一调节因素研究其对企业技术创新的影响。将高管特征分为性别、学历、年龄三个方面，得出结论为：女性高管对企业创新有抑制作用，高年龄高管会促进企业创新，高学历与企业创新有显著的正相关。进一步分析得出结论：成长性低的公司会增强研发背景高管对企业创新的影响：盈利公司会增强研发背景高管对企业创新的影响：股权集中度高的企业会增强研发背景高管对企业创新的影响：若企业的产权性质为国企，则会增强研发背景高管对企业创新的影响。希望本文的研究对促进企业创新有一定的作用。关键词：高管特征：研发投入：技术创新：企业产权性质AbstractWith the continuous development of market economy,industrial competition isincreasingly intensified,and scientific and technological innovation has become themainstream in today's world.If a country wants to gain competitive advantage andmaintain long-term development,it needs to improve its innovation ability.At present,our country is actively constructing "innovative country"and supporting enterpriseinnovation.But listed innovative enterprises are also the backbone of promotingindependent innovation and forming new industries.There are many factors affectingthe technological innovation of enterprises,and as the main decision makers of thestrategic policy and business activities of enterprises,the importance of seniorexecutives to the enterprise research and innovation is self-evident.This paper takes A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen as theresearch object,starting from the background characteristics of the seniormanagement team and combining the moderating factor of the property right of theenterprise to study its impact on the enterprise technological innovation.Thecharacteristics of senior executives are divided into three aspects:gender,educationbackground and age.The conclusion is that female senior executives have aninhibitory effect on enterprise innovation,senior executives will promote enterpriseinnovation,and high education background has a significant positive correlation withenterprise innovation.The further analysis concludes that companies with low growthwill enhance the influence of senior executives with R&D background on enterpriseinnovation;Profitable companies will enhance the influence of R&D executives oninnovation;Enterprises with high concentration of ownership will enhance theinfluence of senior executives with R&D background on enterprise innovation.If theproperty rights of enterprises are state-owned enterprises,the influence of executiveswith R&D background on enterprise innovation will be enhanced.It is hoped that theresearch of this paper will play a certain role in promoting enterprise innovation.Keywords:Executive characteristics:R&d investment:Technological innovation:Nature of enterprise property right