小学第三学段学生班级自主管理的现状及对策研究

小学第三学段学生班级自主管理的现状及对策研究摘要班级自主管理是指班级学生民主推选班干部、民主制定班规班纪，全体同学在班规制度的约束下，自主管理、自主评价、自主监督，发挥学生自主能动性，以期提升学生各方面潜能和提高综合素质的一种班级管理模式，该模式提倡在班级管理中以学生为主体，培养学生核心素养的发展。本文以X县第一小学的五六年级部分学生作为主要研究对象，研究小学第三学段学生班级自主管理的现状，以及如何进一步完善小学班级自主管理？通过问卷法、访谈法等研究方式收集数据，使用SPSS进行数据分析，对小学第三学段学生对于班级自主管理的认识、意愿、参与程度进行研究。通过调查发现：学生对于班级自主管理的认知水平较高，但相对的意愿和参与度水平比较低，成绩与是否是班干部对于学生参与班级自主管理的程度影响较大。班级自主管理存在的问题主要有：班主任占有主要地位，学生自主性受到限制：学生班级自主管理能力参差不齐，实现全体学生的班级自主管理有一定困难：学生自主管理参与程度较低，缺乏积极性。通过对上述问题进行分析，发现存在以下几点原因：班主任对班级管理的认识不足，缺乏内在认同：学生发展存在个体差异，学生自主管理能力有限；学生自主意识薄弱，参与自主管理意愿不足；班级自主管理制度不健全，缺乏机制保障。针对这些问题可以采取的措施包括：班主任转变管理观念，引导学生进行自主管理；提供多样化管理机会，锻炼学生自主管理能力：营造班级管理氛围，激发学生自主管理意识：健全班级自主管理制度，增强学生班级管理参与度。关键词：小学第三学段：班级自主管理；学生管理AbstractClass independent management refers to a class management mode in which studentsdemocratically elect class cadres,democratically formulate class rules and discipline,and allstudents,under the constraints of class rules and regulations,conduct independentmanagement,evaluation and supervision to give full play to students'initiative in order toenhance students'potential in all aspects and improve their comprehensive quality.This modeadvocates that students should be the main body in class management.Cultivate thedevelopment of students'core qualities.This paper takes some students in Grade 5 and 6 of the No.1 Primary School of XCounty as the main research object,and studies the current situation of class self-managementof students in the third grade of primary school.How to further improve the primary schoolclass self-management?Data were collected through questionnaires,interviews and otherresearch methods,and SPSS was used for data analysis to study students'awareness,willingness and participation in class self-management in the third grade of primary school.Through the investigation,it is found that students have a higher cognition level of classself-management,but their relative willingness and participation level are relatively low.Grades and whether they are class leaders have a greater impact on the degree of students'participation in class self-management.The problems of class autonomy management are asfollows:class teachers occupy the main position and students'autonomy is limited;Students'ability of class self-management is uneven,and it is difficult to realize the classself-management of all students.Students'participation in self-management is low and theylack enthusiasm.Through the analysis of the above problems,it is found that there are the followingreasons:the head teacher's lack of understanding of class management,lack of internalidentity;There are individual differences in student development,and students'self-management ability is limited;Students'consciousness of autonomy is weak and theirwillingness to participate in autonomous management is insufficient.Class independentmanagement system is not perfect,lack of mechanism guarantee.The measures that can betaken to solve these problems include:the head teacher changes the management concept andguides the students to c