中小学班级管理中公民培养的问题及改进

中小学班级管理中公民培养的问题及改进目录1.绪论.n2.公民的内涵与公民培养的意义…..23.班级管理具有公民培养的功能34.中小学班级管理中公民培养的问题.54.1班级目标取向功利化4.2班级规则制定专断化….64.3班干部权力行使成人化..75.中小学班级管理中公民培养问题的改进..95.1关注个体的生命成长，培育班级生活的公共性.95.2优化班级规则的制定过程，促进理性思维养成.105.3破解班干部成人化困境，强化服务与自治职能.106.参考文献..12中小学班级管理中公民培养的问题及改进摘要：班级的公共性赋予班级管理自身带有公民培养的教育意义，它能促进个体的公民性生长，发展完整而健全的人格。尽管班级管理具有公民培养的功能，但是错误的班级管理使这一功能受到扼制。通过教育阅读、教育回忆和教育观察，发现中小学班级管理中公民培养的问题集中体现为五个方面：一是班级目标取向功利化使得个体蜷缩在狭小的私人空间里，缺少公民培养的文化底蕴：二是班级规则制定专断化使得个体的服从性人格不断生产出来，匮乏公民理性精神：三是班干部权力行使成人化使得个体成为精致的利己主义者，欠缺公民责任感和奉献精神：四是班级亚文化低俗化使得个体生长的公共环境被玷污，扭曲了未来公民的精神状态：五是班级民主管理畸形化使得个体民主精神的发展受到阻碍，降低了适应共同生活的能力。为了充分发挥班级管理的公民培养功能，必须关注个体的生命成长，培育班级生活的公共性：优化班级规则的制定过程，促进理性思维养成：破解班干部成人化困境，强化服务与自治职能：积极建构班级亚文化，引领学生的心灵成长；正确理解班级民主管理，提升教师的通识素养，从而建构班级的公共生活空间，最终促进学生成长为健全的公民。关键词：公民培养：班级管理：问题The problems and improvement of citizen training in classmanagement of primary and secondary schoolsYang Feng (Tutor:(College of Continuing Education,Hubei Normal University,Huangshi,Hubei,435002)Abstract The publicity of the class gives the class management itself with the educationalsignificance of citizen training,which can promote the growth of individualcitizenship and develop a complete and sound personality.Although classmanagement has the function of citizen cultivation,the wrong class managementrestrains this function.Through educational reading,educational recall andeducational observation,it is found that the problems of citizen training inelementary and middle school class management are concentrated in five aspects:first,the utilitarian orientation of class goal makes individuals curl up in a smallprivate space and lack the cultural background of citizen training;Second,thearbitrary formulation of class rules makes the individual's obedient personalityproduce continuously,lacking the rational spirit of citizenship;Third,the classcadres'exercise of power as adults makes individuals become exquisite egoists,lacking the spirit of civic responsibility and dedication;Fourth,the vulgarization ofclass subculture makes the public environment of individual growth tainted anddistorts the mental state of future citizens;Fifth,the malformation of classdemocratic management hinders the development of individual democratic spiritand reduces the ability to adapt to common life.In order to give full play to thecitizen training function of class management,we must pay attention to the growthof individual life and cultivate the publicity of class life.Optimize the process ofmaking class rules and promote the development of rational thinking;Crack thedilemma of class cadres becoming adults and strengthen the function of service andautonomy;Actively construct class subculture to lead students'spiritual growth;Correctly understand the democratic management of class,improve teachers'general literacy,so as to construct the public life space of class,and finally promotestudents to grow into healthy citizens.Keywords Citizen training;Class management;problem中小学班级管理中公民培养的问题及改进1.绪论班级生活不仅是一种集体生活，更是一种公共生活，班级生活的公共性将直接影响公民培养的成效。只有当班级