离子液体合成及抗菌性研究

离子液体合成及抗菌性研究摘要随着科技的大力发展耐药菌开始出现以及细菌耐药性越来越多，细菌感染问题已经成为了当下人类急需解决的问题。如何获得高效低毒、在没有耐药性的抗菌材料或者抗生素类相关的药品也是目前非常重要棘手的问题。离子液体作为一种抗菌材料己经被广泛报道，其抗菌机理主要是阳离子通过相关的反应和作用和细菌的复兴静电作用与细菌电负性细胞膜结合，同时疏水烷基链插入磷脂双分子层中，引起细胞膜破裂并最终导致细菌死亡。离子液体是将离子液体单元引入到聚合物结构中，获得兼具离子液体和聚合物性质的一类材料。离子液体具有结构可设计性，通过改变离子液体基团种类可实现对聚合物分子量、玻璃化转变温度、亲疏水平衡、电荷密度以及反离子的可控调节，获得物理化学性质不同的离子液体，其在抗菌领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而，离子液体的结构和合成，包括阳离子的种类、抗菌基团的构型以及化学键接类型对聚合物抗菌活性影响的系统研究鲜有报道。鉴于此本文从离子液体的合成和对抗菌性的影响角度进行细致的分析和研究。关键词：离子液体：抗菌性：阳离子AbstractWith the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and the gradual increaseof drug resistance,bacterial infection has become a global problem thatseriously threatens human health.How to obtain antibacterial materials orantibiotics with high efficiency,low toxicity and no drug resistance hasbecome an urgent problem to be solved.Ionic liquid has been widelyreported as an antibacterial material,and its antibacterial mechanism is thatcations combine with bacterial electronegative cell membranes throughelectrostatic action,and hydrophobic alkyl chains are inserted intophospholipid bilayers,causing cell membrane rupture and eventuallyleading to bacterial death.Ionic liquid is a kind of material with both ionicliquid and polymer properties by introducing ionic liquid unit into polymerstructure.Ionic liquids have structural designability.By changing the grouptypes of ionic liquids,the molecular weight,glass transition temperature,hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance,charge density and counter-ions ofpolymers can be controlled,and ionic liquids with different physical andchemical properties can be obtained,which has broad application prospectsin the antibacterial field.However,there are few systematic studies on thestructure and synthesis of ionic liquids,including the types of cations,theconfiguration of antibacterial groups and the types of chemical bonding onthe antibacterial activity of polymers.In view of this,the synthesis of ionicliquid and its influence on antibacterial property are analyzed and studied indetail in this paper.Key words:ionic liquid;Antibacterial property;cationII目录摘要.I1绪论11.1研究背景及意义..11.1.1研究背景….11.1.2研究意义.112研究内容…0.12文献综述.….22.1相关概念论述22.1.1离子液体…。.22.1.2抗菌简介...22.2离子液体发展现状23离子液体的合成…43.1离子液体的分类43.2离子液体的合成方法432.1直接合成法….532.2两步合成法….53.2.3微波辅助法3.2.4电化学法….64离子液体对抗菌性影响的研究，.74.1阳离子对抗菌性能的影响.…4.2阴离子对抗菌性能的影响4.3疏水链结构对抗菌性能的影响94.4电荷密度对抗菌性能的影响.104.5功能性基团对抗菌性能的影响.11结论，.13参考文献.14致谢，16III