万能分度头蜗杆热处理

万能分度头蜗杆热处理摘要蜗杆是机床摆动部件的重要组成部分，当蜗杆螺旋表面和齿面相对滑动时，容易磨损，因此蜗杆经常通过化油淬火处理渗出钢，以获得更高的硬度，防止蜗杆螺旋表面磨损。材料经过特殊处理后可获得优良的力学性能，而作为一种重要的处理手段之一，热处理工艺可以改变材料的内部组织结构，达到提高材料力学性能的目的。本文选用的材料是较为常用的渗碳齿轮钢20Cr。为制定合理的热处理工艺，本文通过对零件服役条件、失效形式、性能分析来选择合适的材料，制定出正确的工艺流程，工艺过程中要准确掌握各种零件热处理加热温度、时间和保温时间及冷却方式等。最终获得最佳的热处理工艺为：机加工后正火→渗碳处理→淬火→低温回火，最终得到合适的组织和性能。关键词：万能分度头蜗杆，20Cr,热处理AbstractWorm is an important part in the rotary parts of machine tools.When working,the worm screw surface slips relative to the worm gear tooth surface,which is proneto wear.Therefore,the commonly used Carburizing steel of worm is treated byCarburizing quenching to obtain higher hardness and prevent wear on the worm screwsurface.After special treatment,the material can obtain excellent mechanicalproperties,and as one of the important treatment methods,the heat treatment processcan change the internal structure of the material and achieve the purpose of improvingthe mechanical properties of the material.20 Cr.of Carburizing Gear SteelIn order to make a reasonable heat treatment process,this paper selects theappropriate material by analyzing the service conditions,failure forms andperformance of the parts,and formulates the correct process flow.In the process,weshould accurately grasp the heating temperature,time and heat preservation time andcooling mode of the heat treatment of the current-carrying parts.The best heattreatment process is obtained:after machining,normalizing-Carburizingquenching-low temperature tempering,and finally obtaining suitable microstructureand properties.Key Words:universal indexing head worm,20Cr,heat treatment目录1若它.44444444444a。.21.1.选题背景及研究意义.21.2.蜗杆传动简介31.3.蜗杆国内外发展状况…51.4.蜗杆生产现状.62.设计技术要求及设计方案..83.万能分度头蜗杆的热处理工艺103.1.蜗杆材料…103.2.正火工艺103.3.渗碳工艺113.4.淬火工艺123.5.回火工艺33.6.热处理工装设计144.常见热处理缺陷及防止措施154.1.表层过渡渗碳.154.2.淬火后表面硬度偏低154.3.氧化和脱碳.154.4.淬火裂纹.64.5.渗碳层深度不均匀165.检验项目176.总结..18