小学中年级学生数学课堂沉默的成因及对策研究

小学中年级学生数学课堂沉默的成因及对策研究作者：王彤指导教师：彭虹讲师(海南师范大学初等教育学院，海南海口，571158)摘要：小学中年级作为数学学习承上启下的关键时期，是学生思维转变与知识深化的关键节点，但课堂沉默现象的出现严重阻碍教学进程，制约学生数学思维与表达能力的发展。本研究以B县D小学三、四年级学生为研究对象，采用问卷调查法、访谈法以及课堂观察法，对小学中年级学生数学课堂沉默的现状展开深入调查。本文从普遍性、类型、时间情境、学生群体分布、行为表现五个维度，分析小学中年级数学课堂沉默现状。笔者发现课堂沉默普遍，积极沉默居多，但消极沉默也需重视，且多现于知识讲解与课堂小结。针对这些情况，笔者从学生、教师、环境层面剖析成因：学生性格内敛、学习能力欠佳、自尊心变强：教师教学方法、提问策略、反馈机制有待优化：课堂氛围、同伴行为、课堂规则影响课堂沉默。基于此，笔者提出强化学生心理与能力、创新教学与完善反馈、营造积极氛围与优化规则等策略，以期减少课堂沉默，提升学生课堂参与度和数学数学质量。关键词：小学中年级学生：数学课堂沉默：成因：对策Study on the Causes and Countermeasures of MathematicsClassroom Silence of Middle Grade Students in PrimarySchoolAuthor:Wang Tong Supervisor:Professor Peng Hong(College of Elementary Education,Hainan NormalUniversity,Haikou,Hainan,571158)Abstract:The middle grades of primary school,as a crucial period connecting the upper and lowergrades in mathematics learning,are key nodes for students'thinking transformation and knowledgedeepening.However,the emergence of classroom silence seriously hinders the teaching process andrestricts the development of students'mathematical thinking and expression abilities.This study takesthe third and fourth-grade students of D Primary School in B County as the research objects and deeplyinvestigates the current situation of mathematics classroom silence of middle grades students inprimary school by the methods of questionnaire survey,interview,and classroom observation.Theauthor analyzes the current situation from five dimensions:the universality of classroom silence,itstypes,the time and situation of its occurrence,the distribution among student groups,and thebehavioral manifestations.It finds that in mathematics classes for students in the middle grades ofprimary school,the phenomenon of classroom silence is relatively common.Among them,positivesilence dominates,but the phenomenon of negative silence cannot be ignored either.Moreover,thisphenomenon mostly occurs during the knowledge explanation and classroom summary sessions.Thisarticle analyzes the current situation of classroom silence in mathematics classes for middle gradeprimary school students from five dimensions:universality,type,time and situation,student groupdistribution,and behavior.The author finds that classroom silence is common,with active silence beingpredominant,but passive silence also needs attention,and it mostly occurs during knowledgeexplanation and classroom summary.In response to these situations,the author analyzes the causesfrom the aspects of students,teachers,and the environment.On the student side,students areintroverted,have poor learning abilities,and their self-esteem has increased.On the teacher side,teaching methods,questioning strategies,and the feedback mechanism need to be optimized.Regarding the environment,classroom atmosphere,peer behavior,and classroom rules affectclassroom silence.In response to these situations,the author analyzes the causes from the perspectivesof students,teachers and the environment:Students have introverted personalities,poor learningabi