基于STM32的步进电机控制电路设计

我江钟技大单1947毕业设计说明书摘要步进电机，作为将脉冲信号转化为线性或旋转运动的驱动装置，其运行速度与输入的脉冲频率呈正比，而移动距离则与脉冲数量成正比。这种直接的关联性使得步进电机在机电集成领域扮演着核心角色，目前市场上常见的步进电机类型包括永磁型、混合型、变磁型和单相型等。本文将详细阐述步进电机的运作机制、设计优势、关键性能指标以及其在多个领域的应用情况。本文致力于探索步进电机速度和转动角度的调控技术及其算法实现。为此，将开发了一套基于STM32F030C8T6微处理器的驱动系统，包括电源电路、编码器电路、光电耦合电路、测量转变换电路等，软件实现了PD闭环控制算法、定时中断程序、LED显示程序等。软硬件协同实现了系统对电机的位置和动态进行精确监测。进一步对电压调节、位置检测、电路安全以及电机驱动等关键环节的电路设计及其实现方法。通过实际装置对步进电机的移动距离、运转速率和旋转角度进行了测试。实验数据证实，在精心设计的控制电路和优化的软件算法的协同作用下，步进电机能够实现高效率、稳定性和精确度的控制。关键词：步进电机；STM32F030C8T6;PID控制；磁编码器我江钟技大单194毕业设计说明书ABSTRACTThe stepping motor,as the driving device to convert the pulse signal into linearor rotating motion,its running speed is proportional to the pulse frequency of theinput,while the moving distance is proportional to the number of pulses.This directcorrelation makes the stepper motor play a core role in the field ofelectromechanical integration.At present,the common types of stepper motor in themarket include permanent magnet type,mixed type,variable magnetic type andsingle-phase type.This paper will detail the operation mechanism,design advantage,key performance index and its application of stepping motor in many fieldsThis paper aims to explore the regulation technology of stepping motor speedand rotation angle.To this end,a set of drive system based on STM32F030C8T6microprocessor will be developed,including power supply circuit,encoder circuit,photoelectric coupling circuit,measurement transition switching circuit,etc.,and thesoftware realizes PID closed-loop control algorithm,timing interrupt program,LEDdisplay program,etc.The software and hardware collaboration enables the system toaccurately monitor the position and dynamics of the motor.Further to the circuitdesign and implementation methods of the key links such as voltage regulation,position detection,circuit safety and motor drive.The movement distance,runningrate and rotation angle of the stepping motor were tested by the actual device.Experimental data confirm that the stepping motor can achieve high efficiency,stability and accuracy control under the cooperation of carefully designed controlcircuit and optimized software algorithmKeywords:Stepper motor,STM32F030C8T6,PID control,Magnetic encoder敦江斜牧大单毕业设计说明书目录摘要ABSTRACT第1章绪论1.1研究的背景和意义1.1.1研究背景1.1.2研究意义1.2国内外发展趋势…21.2.1国外发展状况21.2.2国内发展状况31.3设计的目的4第2章系统方案设计62.1系统总体方案设计.…62.2步进电机的主要特征.72.3控制算法总体方案设计92.3.1控制算法工作原理92.3.2控制算法系数整定11第3章总体硬件设计…。123.1STM32主控器电路.123.2步进电机原理及选型…143.2.1步进电机原理.143.2.2步进电机的选型163.3驱动器电路…1934电源电路...203.5编码器电路213.6光电耦合电路…2237显示电路233.8过压保护电路24第4章步进电机控制电路的软件设计25敦江斜技大单毕业设计说明书4.1软件总体设计254.2主控制设计264.3PD闭环控制算法程序设计264.4定时中断流程图274.5OLED显示模块子程序28第5章系统测试。305.1单片机电路测试305.2硬件功能测试315.3步进电机驱动器测试32第6章经济环保与可持续发展的分析346.1步进电机的经济环保346.2步进电机对可持续发展的影响34结论36致谢37参考文献38附录41IV