地方高校排球运动队训练准备活动的设计与实践

地方高校排球运动队训练准备活动的设计与实践体育科学学院运动训练专业18370115陆志远指导教师：刘兵摘要：准备活动是日常活动转入实际训练、比赛的桥梁。它是指比赛、训练和体育课的基本部分之前，为克服内脏器官生理惰性，缩短进入工作状态时程和预防运动损伤而有目的进行的身体练习，为即将来临的剧烈运动或比赛做好准备。目前国内运动训练研究者更加关注训练主体部分的研究，对准备活动的研究处于弱势的境地，然而预备活动的好坏，在较大程度上确定了培训首要部分的好坏，在这种视角上，预备活动和培训的中心部分同等重要，毋庸置疑。预备活动对防止运动者受伤、调节培训状况等方面均具有意义。目前，我国地方高校运动员在训练者中进入状态较慢，本文通过文献研究法获查阅了排球运动队训练准备活动的设计依据、原则、注意事项等基础理论，以湖南省的南华大学、娄底开放大学、长沙理工大学三所地方高校为研究对象，通过实证研究、专家访谈法、逻辑分析法以及问卷调查，总结出一套适合地方高校排球运动队的训练准备活动方案，方案具体流程为泡沫轴全身滚动按摩慢跑-拉伸徒手操-行进间练习-躯干支柱力量练习-游戏，整套训练准备活动方案时间为30-35m.本文最后对研究的三所高校实施这套准备活动方案并进行问卷调查，得到的反馈为此方案适用于地方高校排球运动准备训练。因此建议地方高校排球队的训练准备活动设计过程中务必遵循循序渐进的原则，在思想上加强教练员和运动员对训练准备活动的重视程度，在实践中充分发挥训练准备活动调动状态、调节心理和熟悉技术动作等作用，从而更好地降低运动损伤的发生几率。希望本文的研究结果能为我国其他地方高校排球运动队训练准备活动方案提供一定的参考信息。关键词：准备活动：分析：借鉴Abstract Preparatory activities are the bridge from daily activities to actual training andcompetition.It refers to the physical exercise purposefully carried out before the basic part ofcompetition,training and physical education class in order to overcome the physiological inertia ofinternal organs,shorten the time course of entering the working state and prevent sports injury,so as toprepare for the upcoming fierce sports or competition.At present,domestic sports training researcherspay more attention to the research on the main part of training,and the research on preparatory activitiesis in a weak position.However,the quality of preparatory activities determines the quality of the primarypart of training to a large extent.From this perspective,preparatory activities and the central part oftraining are equally important,there is no doubt.Preparatory activities are of great significance inpreventing athletes from injury and adjusting training conditions.At present,the athletes of localcolleges and universities in China are in a slow state among the trainers.Through literature research,thispaper has consulted the basic theories such as the design basis,principles and precautions of thevolleyball team's training preparation activities.Taking three local colleges and universities in HunanProvince,Nanhua University,Loudi Open University and Changsha University of technology,as theresearch objects,through empirical research,expert interview,logical analysis and questionnaire survey,Heavenly stems and earthly branches are summarized as a set of training preparation activities for localvolleyball teams.The specific procedures are foam shaft,body rolling massage,jogging stretching,freehand exercise,walking exercise trunk strength training practice -game,and the whole trainingpreparation plan time is 30-35min.In the end,the three colleges and universities in this study arecarrying out the warming up activity plan and conducting a questionnaire survey.The feedback obtainedis that this scheme is suitable for volleyball preparation training in local colleges and universities.Therefore,it is suggested that the design process of training preparation activities of local collegevolleyball teams must follow the principle of step-by-step,strengthen the a