乡村振兴背景下和平县生猪养殖产业发展与阻滞因素的分析——基于行动者网络理论

摘要习近平总书记强调，“产业振兴是乡村振兴的重中之重，要坚持精准发力，立足特色资源，关注市场需求，发展优势产业，促进一二三产业融合发展，更多更好惠及农村农民。”而作为我国农村支柱产业之一的生猪养殖产业的发展，便显得尤为重要。相关数据显示我国生猪一年消费量为5一6亿头，占所有肉类消费量的80%，而我国生猪养殖主体主要以散户养殖为主。2019年，我国生猪年出栏149头户数的占比高达94.32%，是养殖主体的主力军。然而我国大部分地区地方政府制定优惠的政策导向，都指向生猪年出栏量500头以上的规模化养猪场，鲜有提及散户养殖。而现实中，偏远农村生猪散户养殖者面临资金不足、技术低下、销售渠道狭窄、市场韧性脆弱等诸多问题，却得不到足够的政策偏移与重视，进而影响我国生猪养殖产业的健康发展。针对此问题，本文从现实问题出发，以广东省河源市和平县农村生猪养殖业发展为例，采用访谈调查、案例分析等研究方法，通过电话随访、现场访谈等方法收集15位当地从事生猪养殖的散户相关信息，基于行动者网络理论视角，对生猪养殖相关政策、政策执行主体、生猪散户养殖者等多行动主体进行分析、动机转译。在这过程中发现行动者网络中各主体存在利益不统一、政策宣传与执行不到位、养殖户思想意识待提升等问题，并从行动者网络理论构建达成共同目的这一角度出发，研究提出搭建发展平台、提升政策执行力、延伸产业链等可行建议。关键词：生猪养殖地方政府产业转型升级乡村振兴Analysis of the development of pig breeding industry in Heping County inthe context of rural revitalization and the stagnation factors-Based on Actor Network TheoryYe ChuncaoAbstract:The development of the pig breeding industry,which is one of the pillar industries inChina's rural areas,is particularly important.In 2019,the number of households with 1-49 pigsper year accounted for 94.32%of the total,which is the main force of farming.However,thelocal governments in most areas of China have formulated preferential policies orientedtowards large-scale pig farms with an annual pig output of 500 or more,with little mention ofretail farming.In reality,remote rural pig farmers face many problems such as insufficientcapital,low technology,narrow marketing channels and fragile market resilience,but do notreceive sufficient policy deviation and attention,which in turn affects the healthy developmentof China's pig farming industry.To address this problem,this paper takes the development ofthe rural pig farming industry in Heping County,Heyuan City,Guangdong Province,as anexample,and uses interview surveys and case studies to collect information about 15 localretail farmers engaged in pig farming through telephone follow-ups and on-site interviews,andbased on the perspective of actor network theory,to investigate policies related to pig farming,policy implementation subjects Based on the perspective of the actor network theory,weanalyse and translate the motives of multiple actors,including pig farming-related policies,policy implementation agents,and pig farmers.In the process,it is found that the interests ofthe actors in the actor network are not unified,policy promotion and implementation are not inplace,and the ideological awareness of the farmers needs to be improved,etc.From theperspective of the actor network theory to build a common purpose,the study proposes feasiblesuggestions such as building a development platform and extending the industrial chain.Key words:Pig farming Local government Industrial transformation and upgradingRural revitalization目录1前言1.1研究背景1.2研究意义………21.3研究方法21.4技术路线。41.5研究综述51.5.1国外研究现状51.5.2国内研究现状..61.5.3研究评述….72相关概念与理论基础..72.1概念界定…72.1.1乡村振兴战略.72.1.2地方政府..82.1.3农村生猪养殖82.1.4农村生猪养殖散户.…92.2理论基础..92.2.1起源与内容92.2.2理论应用.103基于行动者网络理论的生猪养殖产业发展网络构建.113.1产业发展行动者网络参与主体.…3.1.1核心行动者..123.1.2人类行动者.123.1.3非人类主体..143.2产业发展行动者网络的转译.163.2.1问题呈现.1