基于stm32步进电机控制系统设计

基于STM32的步进电机控制系统设计摘要步进电机作为一种高精度、可控性强的电机广泛应用于数控机床、自动化生产线、机器人等领域，随着工业4.0和智能制造的推进，市场对高性能步进电机控制系统的需求日益增长。步进电机的控制系统需要具备高精度、高效率和高可靠性，以满足复杂多样的应用场景并且STM32单片机以其强大的处理能力、丰富的外设资源和低功耗特性。论文选用STM32微控制器作为主控制器，硬件系统包括电源控制、驱动电路和自动控制器寄存电路，以及高性能、高效率的PD算法，完成了步进电机设计工作，具体内容如下：第一、研制完成了一种高性能步进电机驱动器，它可以减小步进电机的步进角，通过按钮或操纵杆控制步进电机的转速和转向。第二、步进电机控制系统总体方案进行设计，包括步进电机理论基础，PID控制算法自己总体方案设计。第三、基于STM32步进电机控制系统的硬件进行设计，主要包括硬件系统设计电路组成，对开发板进行介绍，步进电机系统的驱动、AD转换、OLED显示模块、按键模块以及其他细小电路设计。第四、系统软件设计，包括速度模块、主程序、串口通信程序、细分驱动程序、OLED显示模块、最后对论文基于STM32的步进电机控制系统测试，该系统能够实现正传、反转、加速、减速的功能，将固有误差缩小到了0.2×104左右。关键词步进电机：控制系统：STM32微处理器：PID算法：-I-Design of stepper motor control system based onSTM32AbstractAs a high-precision,controllable motor,stepper motor is widely used inCNC machine tools,automated production lines,robots and other fields,withthe advancement of industry 4.0 and intelligent manufacturing,the marketdemand for high-performance stepper motor control systems is growing.Thecontrol system of stepper motor needs to have high precision,high efficiencyand high reliability to meet complex and diverse application scenarios,andSTM32 microcontroller has become an ideal choice for stepper motor controlsystem with its powerful processing power,abundant peripheral resources andlow power consumption.The STM32 microcontroller is selected as the main controller,and thehardware system includes power control,drive circuit,automatic controllerregister circuit,as well as high-performance and high-efficiency PID feedbackdual control algorithm,and the stepper motor design is completed,as follows:1.Ahigh-performance stepper motor driver has been developed,which canreduce the stepping angle of the stepper motor and control the speed andsteering of the stepper motor through buttons or joysticks.2.The overall scheme of the stepper motor control system is designed,including the theoretical basis of the stepper motor,and the overall schemedesign of the PID control algorithm.3.Hardware design based on STM32 stepper motor control system Itmainly includes the hardware system design circuit composition,theintroduction of the development board,the drive of the stepper motor system,A/D conversion,OLED display module,button module and other small circuit-Ⅱ-design.4.System software design,including speed module,main program,serialcommunication program and subdivision driver,etc.through the combination oftheory and practice,this study designs and realizes the forward transmission,reversal,acceleration and deceleration of the STM32-based stepper motorcontrol system,and reduces the inherent error to about 0.2x.104.Keywords steppermotor,controller,STM32microprocessor,PIDsignalsubdivision目录摘要。..........JAbstract.Ⅱ第1章绪论11.1研究背景及意义,11.2国内外研究现状分析21.2.1国外研究现状21.2.2国内研究现状31.3主要研究内容4第2章步进电机控制系统总体设计方案52.1步进电机基础理论...52.2PID控制算法.62.3总体设计方案P2.4本章小结8第3章基于STM32步进电机控制系统的硬件设计93.1硬件系统设计电路组成93.2STM32开发板简介.93.3步进电机控制系统驱动103.3.1光电耦合电路….113.3.2主芯片外围电路设计123.3.3电源模块电路设计143.4AD转换模块143.5OLED显示模块153.6按键电路设计…163.7其他电路设计173.8本章小结18第4章系统软件设计与调试…194.1速度模块软件设计…194.1.