基于STM32的步进电机控制系统设计

基于STM32的步进电机控制系统设计摘要随着智能制造与自动化技术的快速进步，步进电机以其精准的定位控制及易于操作的特点，在机械自动化、精确位置系统及广泛的自动化设备中扮演了关键角色。作为一种重要的机电设备，步进电机通过对其相序中的电流进行脉冲式控制来实现预定角度的转动，这种方式相较于其它电机类型，使步进电机在开环控制方面更为简便，同时消除了累积误差，展示出其独特的优势。以STM32为基础的步进电机控制系统因其优良的稳定性、经济性及强大功效，在行业中获得广泛认可。在这样的技术环境下，开发一个高效率、稳定并配备友好用户界面的步进电机控制系统显得格外关键。系统采用STM32微控制单元作为核心动力，结合精密设计的软件与硬件，实现了对步进电机的精确运动控制。在研究过程中，选用了因稳定性佳和成本效益而闻名的28BYJ-48型步进电机，并与ULN2003驱动模块相配合，有效完成了驱动任务。OLED显示屏清楚展现了电机运行情况及关键参数，例如转速和当前角度。此外，一个包含6个按键的电路为用户带来了一种简易而直观的操作方式，便捷地控制电机的各项功能。关键词：自动化；步进电机；STM32单片机；LN2003a驱动器Design of Stepper Motor Control System Based on STM32AbstractAmidst the swift surge of smart manufacturing and automation,stepper motorsemerge as pivotal components in realms like robotic technology,precision positioning,and a spectrum of automated apparatus,favored for their adeptness in precise positionalcontrol and straightforward command traits.As integral electro-mechanical units,steppermotors distinguish themselves through electrical pulse-induced phase current managementthat facilitates steadfast rotational positioning.When juxtaposed with their motoriccounterparts,these motors boast benefits such as a more straightforward approach toopen-loop control precision and a notable absence of cumulative inaccuracies,markingthem as highly competitive selections.The STM32-based stepper motor control regimengarners industry spotlight due to its commendable reliability,cost-efficiency,andextensive capabilities,underscoring the gravitas of forging a control system that excels inefficacy,stability,and user-centric interaction.Centered around the STM32 microcontroller's nucleus,this system attains meticulousstepper motor movement control by integrating adeptly conceived software with robusthardware.The experimentally applied 28BYJ-48 stepper motor,lauded for itscost-effective stability,in conjunction with the ULN2003a driver module,efficaciouslyfulfills designated driving roles.An OLED display serves as a lucid reporter of the motor'sfunctional state and salient metrics,such as rotational speed and angle per unit time.Moreover,a composite button circuit with five functional keys bestows a streamlined andintuitive interface,ensuring effortless motor management by operators.Keywords:Automation;Stepper motor;STM32 microcontroller;ULN2003a driver目录摘要Abstract第1章绪论1.1引言…1.2课题背景.1.3国内外研究现状.21.4研究内容2第2章系统方案设计42.1系统设计思路…42.2硬件选型.….42.2.1单片机的选择.42.2.2显示器的选择.52.2.3按键电路的选择52.2.4步进电机的选择.62.2.5电机驱动的选择.…72.3方案选型确定….7第3章硬件设计….83.1STM32单片机核心电路设计83.1.1微控制器简介83.1.2晶振电路…93.1.3复位电路.103.228BYJ-48步进电机介绍.103.2.128BYJ-48步进电机简介103.2.2步进电机角度工作原理3.2.3步进电机正反转工作原理.133.2.4步进电机转速工作原理133.3ULN2003a步进电机驱动电路的概述.153.4OLED液晶显示.163.5按键电路设计…。17第4章系统软件设计184.1Keil介绍....184.2各模块程序设计….184.2.1主程序流程图..184.2.2驱动步进电机软件设计.194.2.3按键软件处理设计….20第5章系统安装与调试…225.1硬件调试.225.2软件调试.…225.3系统仿真.235.4实物展示.26结论.30参考文献31附录32附录一元件清单.32致谢...44