液压缸试验台液压系统设计

液压缸试验台液压系统设计摘要目前，美国、德国、日本三大巨头，几乎垄断了这一领域的高端技术。但是，中国目前不但在技术水平上仍处于落后状态，在测试方面的研究也相对滞后，还缺少一种具有精确测试数据和全面测试功能的专业化、综合性的水力试验平台。目前，我国高校教育与教学水力试验台的研制与生产技术水平还有待提高。而液压基本回路，是现代液压技术的一个重要组成部分，是掌握了液压传动和控制所必需的基本知识。液压回路是液压系统中的一个重要组成部分，而各种液压系统又都是由若干个基本回路组成。而液压基本回路是由几个液压单元和液压辅助单元按照一定的比例所构成，能够实现某些特殊液压作用的油路结构。最常用的基本电路包括：气压调整电路、转速调整电路、方位调整电路、多个执行器控制电路。每个基本线路都有一个特定的动作。为了让学员在液压传动课程的教学中，能够在实验中更好地理解液压控制系统的基本工作原理，进而掌握具有代表性的液压回路控制系统的工作特征及工作原理。本课题选择工程液力中普遍存在的几种液力基础回路为主要测试对象，将该实验台水平放置，并在其整体上安装液力阀门，使其整体油路结构得到优化，从而更好的理解液力要素的基本构成，以及液力与回路之间的转换关系。关键词：实验台：液压系统：回路控制1ABSTRACTCurrently,the three giants of the United States,Germany,and Japan almost monopolizehigh-end technology in this field.However,China is currently not only lagging behind in technicallevel,but also relatively lagging behind in research on testing.There is also a lack of a professionaland comprehensive hydraulic test platform with accurate test data and comprehensive testingfunctions.At present,the development and production technology level of the hydraulic test bed foreducation and teaching in China's universities still needs to be improved.The basic hydraulic circuitis an important component of modem hydraulic technology,and it is necessary to master the basicknowledge of hydraulic transmission and control.The hydraulic circuit is an important component ofthe hydraulic system,and various hydraulic systems are composed of several basic circuits.Thebasic hydraulic circuit is composed of several hydraulic units and hydraulic auxiliary units in acertain proportion,which can achieve certain special hydraulic functions.The most commonly usedbasic circuits include:air pressure adjustment circuit,rotational speed adjustment circuit,azimuthadjustment circuit,and multiple actuator control circuits.Each basic circuit has a specific action.Inorder to enable students to better understand the basic working principles of hydraulic controlsystems in experiments during the teaching of hydraulic transmission courses,and then master theworking characteristics and principles of representative hydraulic circuit control systems.This topicselects several hydraulic basic circuits commonly existing in engineering hydraulics as the main testobject.The experimental platform is placed horizontally,and hydraulic valves are installed on itsentire body to optimize its overall oil circuit structure,so as to better understand the basiccomposition of hydraulic elements and the conversion relationship between hydraulic and circuit.Keywords:The experimental station;Hydraulic system;Loop control目录摘.ABSTRACT...第一章前言.1.1历史液压系统的发展.021.2液压技术的发展趋势.21.2.1减少能耗，充分利用能量.21.2.2主动维护21.2.3机电一体化3第二章液压缸试验台设计参数.52.1设计要求2.2设计参数.5第三章液压系统总体方案图设计.63.1制定系统方案.63.1.1压力控制回路.…63.1.2速度控制回路.93.1.3方向控制回路.113.1.4多执行元件控制回路113.2拟订液压系统图.12第四章系统主要参数计算及元件选取.144.1系统主要参数计算.144.2动力源的选取154.2.1液压泵的选择..154.2.2电动机功率的确定.154.2.3联轴器的选择.…154.3液压元件的选择…..154.4油箱的设计…17第五章实验回路分析….185.1二级调压泄荷回路…。.185.1.1实验油路185.1.2工作原理及实验内容.185.2节流调速及加载回路…195.2.1实验油路.195.2.2工作原理及实验内容.205.3变量泵特性实验回路.215.3.1实验油路.215.3.2