论《古诗十九首》的生命之思

论《古诗十九首》中的生命之思目录一.《古诗十九首》的创作背景与文化土壤6(一)时代背景与文化氛围6(二)汉末文人生存状况8二.《古诗十九首》的人生哲思主题9(一)对生命短暂的感慨91.面对生命短促的哀叹与无奈、顺应102.追求及时行乐的生活哲学11(二)对离别与相思的深刻体悟131.离别132.相思14(三)对友情与人生际遇的感慨151.知音难觅、同门背离、思念故乡162.人生际遇17三.《古诗十九首》人生哲思的现代启示18(一)对生命意义的重新审视18(二)对人际关系的珍视20(三)对个人价值与社会理想的平衡思考21(四)《古诗十九首》的现代启示22四.结论23五.致谢24论《古诗十九首》中的生命之思作者：韦顺怡指导老师：郑天熙(海南师范大学文学院，海口，570100)被称为“五言之冠冕”的古诗十九首，其上承《诗经》国风的精神，但又并非简单的重复，而是加入了时人更为深刻的思考，以深邃的生命意识与哲学思考构筑了其独特的文学价值。倘若走进《古诗十九首》的文学世界，便不难发现其在情感的抒发上具有更为普遍的意义。叶嘉莹先生称其为情感“母题”，作为后世情感的抒发模范，其具有重要影响。本文意图发现并阐发《古诗十九首》中的常见生命之思，及其对于现代的启示。第一部分通过溯源其的创作背景，将文人的创作行为还原为汉代文人中的社会行为，发现其文本外部的“大众”，浅析令其产生生命之思的缘由：第二部分意在将其本身的“生命之思”重定向至文学作品，以文学作品为底本，赏析时人所阐发的思考：第三部分关注其抒发的情感的普遍性，关注中国人共同的情感“母题”，关注其上承先秦生死哲学，下启魏晋生命自觉的影响，以及对于现代人的启示。由此展示“今月也曾照古人”的情感流动，勉励当代人能够从中得到启发，树立正确的生死观。其生命之思不仅是中国古典诗歌人文精神的重要源头，更在终极关怀层面为后世提供了关照生命的诗性范式。关键词：生命意识文化土壤抒情普遍性生死观时间焦虑abstractNineteen Ancient Poems,known as the "crown of five words",carry on thespirit of the national style of the bookofsongs,but are not simply repeated,butadd people's more profound thinking,and build their unique literary value withprofound life consciousness and philosophical thinking.If we enter the literaryworld of Nineteen Ancient Poems,it is not difficult to find that it has a moreuniversal significance in the expression of emotions.Mr.yejiaying called it the2"motif"of emotion,which has an important influence as a model of emotionalexpression for later generations.The purpose of this paper is to discover andelucidate the common thinking of life in Nineteen Ancient Poems and ItsEnlightenment to modern times.In the first part,by tracing back to his creationbackground,the writer restored the literary creation behavior to the socialbehavior of the literati in the Han Dynasty,found the "public"outside his text,and analyzed the reasons for his thought of life;The second part is intended toredirect his own "thought of life"to literary works,which is based on literaryworks to appreciate the thoughts expounded by people at that time;The thirdpart focuses on the universality of the emotions expressed by him,thecommon emotional "motif"of the Chinese people,the influence of hisphilosophy of life and death in the pre Qin period,the Enlightenment of lifeconsciousness in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,and the enlightenment to modernpeople.This shows the emotional flow of "this month has also followed theancients",and encourages contemporary people to get inspiration from it andestablish a correct view of life and death.His thought of life is not only animportant source of the humanistic spirit of Chinese classical poetry,but alsoprovides a poetic paradigm for future generations at the level of ultimateconcern.Key words:life consciousness,cultural soil,lyricism,universality,outlook on lifeand death,time anxiety引言在中国古代文学的发展进程当中，东汉末年的历史轨迹里出现了十九首佚名诗作，南朝梁昭明太子萧统把这些诗作收入《文选》，仿佛古老编钟走过千年光阴，至今依旧在当代人的心灵深处引发阵阵共鸣。作为五言诗发展进程里的关键里程碑，《古诗十九首》采用“直而不野，婉转附物”的独特艺术风格，达成了中国诗歌从四言至五言的样式转换，被称为“五言之冠冕”[山，而且在文学史上最早架构一套完整的生命意识体系，那时建安风骨与正始之音尚未展露风采，这些姓名模糊的诗人便已借助质朴的文字，深度探究生命存在的核心命题。他们在宇宙