民事诉讼中鉴定意见质证制度研究摘要鉴定意见质证是鉴定意见发挥重要作用的关键,是根治重复鉴定的良方,是庭审实质化的应有之义。自以审判为中心的诉讼制度实施以来,鉴定质量明显有所提升,鉴定人、专家辅助人出庭有一定的增多,鉴定意见质证取得较好的效果,所以,不断地深入探索鉴定意见质证制度,能够促进理论的发展进程,也可以给实践提供指导。然而,当下不管是在学术领域,还是在实务方面,该制度都存在着一定的弊端,这也在极大程度上造成了我国鉴定制度发展缓慢,同时也存在一些直接影响鉴定意见质证的问题。归纳这些问题,并深入分析问题根源,才能进一步完善鉴定意见质证机制,切实推进庭审实质化。本文首先分析了我国民事诉讼中鉴定意见质证制度的现状,紧接着提出鉴定意见质证制度存在的问题,然后对域外两大法系鉴定意见质证制度进行比较分析,并总结有益经验,最后提出几点具有可操作性和合理性的建议。关键词:司法鉴定:鉴定意见:质证;专家辅助人AbstractThe cross-examination of the appraisal opinion is the key for the appraisalopinion to play an important role,it is a good recipe for radically eliminating repeatedappraisals,and it is the proper meaning of the substantive court trial.Since theimplementation of the trial-centered litigation system,the quality of appraisal hasbeen significantly improved,the number of appraisers and expert assistants appearingin court has increased,and the cross-examination of appraisal opinions has achievedgood results.Therefore,continuous and in-depth exploration of the cross-examinationsystem of appraisal opinions can help Promote the development of theory,but alsoprovide guidance for practice.However,at present,whether in the academic field orin practice,this system has certain drawbacks,which has also caused the slowdevelopment of my country's appraisal system to a large extent,and there are alsosome problems that directly affect the cross-examination of appraisal opinions.Onlyby summarizing these problems and deeply analyzing the root causes of the problemscan we further improve the cross-examination mechanism of appraisal opinions andeffectively promote the substantiation of court trials.This paper first analyzes the current situation of the appraisal opinioncross-examination system in civil litigation in our country,then puts forward theproblems existing in the appraisal opinion cross-examination system,then comparesand analyzes the appraisal opinion cross-examination system of the two major foreignlegal systems,and summarizes useful experiences.Actionable and reasonablerecommendations.Keywords:forensic science:expert opinion:cross-examination;expert auxiliar目录民事诉讼中鉴定意见质证制度研究…1要.1AbStraCt...2引言4第1章我国民事诉讼鉴定意见质证制度之现状分析.41.1我国民事诉讼鉴定意见质证制度的立法现状.4第2章我国民事诉讼鉴定意见质证制度之问题分析…62.1立法缺陷.62.2质证缺乏严密的规则…6第3章我国民事司法鉴定意见质证制度之改进建议..83.1完善鉴定意见庭前开示程序.83.2确定鉴定意见质证的内容.11第4章结语.12参考文献.12引言本文针对庭审中司法鉴定意见质证的一些模糊认识和错误做法,依据证据学理论和现行法律规定,说明鉴定意见法庭质证的必要性,质证的规则、原则、方法和程序,并就两大法系国家的可借鉴之处作一些研究,同时针对我国的司法现状及具体国情,提出对我国司法鉴定意见质证中所存在的问题的解决办法,以期有助于完善司法鉴定意见的质证制度以及推动质证活动在诉讼实践中有效地发挥作用。第1章我国民事诉讼鉴定意见质证制度之现状分析1.1我国民事诉讼鉴定意见质证制度的立法现状1.1.1鉴定意见质证制度立法价值第一,鉴定意见质证是程序正义的表现。法律和程序密不可分,程序是否正义始终是学界关注的重点。对鉴定意见进行质证,能够使当事人真切体会到自身参与到诉讼当中,使其内心产生对程序的强大信任感,而这种信任感确是实现程序正义的保证。此外,在质证过程中,鉴定人的信息以及相关鉴定证据进行公示也会让程序呈现在大众的视野之中,这显然有助于提高审判活动的公开、公平、公正。第二,鉴定意见质证能够为当事人实现诉讼权利保驾护航。诉讼权利是当事人在程序公正中得以保护其实体权益的关键。而对证据的质证权同样是必不可少的诉讼权利,许多国家基本上都把该权利作为公民的基本权利。我国最高人民法院指出,质证是有关诉讼主体的一种受法律保护的诉讼权利:它是作为诉讼正当程序的标志性产物。在鉴定意见质证的过程中,当事人对鉴定人进行询问,对鉴
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