基于大五人格特质的企业员工不安全行为管理研

基于大五人格特质的企业员工不安全行为管理研究摘要不安全行为可能导致多种不良后果，是造成事故的主要原因，可能导致人身伤害风险、财产损失、法律风险、影响生产效率、影响工人健康等问题。当前不安全行为的管理对策经常会有失效、管理效率不高的风险，以往管理对策的制定往往忽略了每一个员工的人格特质，导致不安全行为的管理效率不高，甚至存在对策失效的风险。过去对于不安全行为管理的研究大多处于宏观层面，没有针对员工个人的人格特质进行分析，这让管理策略会与预期的效果产生偏差。本文为解决上述问题，提高不安全行为的管理效率和有效性，基于企业员工的大五人格特质理论，进一步分析个体差异影响下的不安全行为产生机理，结合不安全行为管理理论提出具有针对性的管理改进政策，为安全管理实践提供研究基础和理论依据。通过研究企业员工不安全行为与大五人格特质的相关性，不安全行为的影响因素以及针对企业员工个人人格特质进行针对性的管理，有助于在微观层面管理和预防企业员工的不安全行为，是遏制安全生产事故的关键因素之一。基于成熟的五人格特质理论，并在此基础上进行模型改进与假设模型构建。分析大五人格特质对不安全行为影响因素的关系。本文基于大五人格理论，结合不安全行为分析，以不安全行为倾向和大五人格测量量表为依据，设计6分制调查问卷，明确人格特质对不安全行为影响因素的影响关系，并完成信效度检验。对包括钢筋工、混凝土工架子工、木工、水电工和普工在内的某房建项目的120名工人进行问卷发放，回收116份，有效问卷108份。通过相关性、回归、方差等数据分析表明，大五人格中宜人性、严谨性与神经质对建筑工人不安全行为影响因素有明显的调节效应，针对性地从改善企业员工认知和进行个性化管理两方面，提出了双向激励、制度建设、多元化治理：指导员工认识自己的人格特质，识别对应模板群体进行管理等管理改进政策。有助于提高企业员工的安全行为水平，减少安全事故的发生。关键词人格特质；大五人格；不安全行为：建筑工人；企业员工A Study on the Management of Unsafe Behaviors ofEnterprise Employees Based on the Big FivePersonality TraitsAbstractResearch on the process mechanism of unsafe behaviors of enterpriseemployees,the influencing factors of unsafe behaviors and the targetedmanagement for the personal personality traits of enterprise employees helps tomanage and prevent the unsafe behaviors of enterprise employees at the microlevel,which is one of the key factors to curb work safety accidents.In the past,most of the research on the management of unsafe behaviors was at the macrolevel,without analyzing the personal personality traits and individual differencesof employees,which makes the management strategy deviate from the expectedeffect.In this paper,in order to improve the management efficiency andeffectiveness of unsafe behaviors,the Big Five personality traits of enterpriseemployees are analyzed,combined with the theory of unsafe behaviormanagement for improvement,and the mechanism of unsafe behaviorsgenerated by individual differences is further analyzed,and targetedmanagement policies are proposed to provide more effective managementcountermeasures for safety management practice.Five personality on the influencing factors of unsafe behaviors,the BigFive personality theory is improved,a questionnaire is designed to clarify theinfluence relationship between personality traits and the influencing factors ofunsafe behaviors,and the reliability and validity test is conducted.In this study,120 workers in a certain housing construction project areselected as the research objects,including steel bar workers,concrete workers,scaffolders,carpenters,plumbers and general workers.120 questionnaires weredistributed,116 were recovered,invalid questionnaires were deleted,and a totalof 108 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective recovery rate was85.8%.Then the correlation between the Big Five personality traits and unsafebehaviors is analyzed,and through theoretical analysis combined with empiricalanalysis,agreeableness,conscientiousness and neuroticism have obviousregulatory effects on the influencing factors of unsafe behaviors of constructionworker