咸阳市旬邑县席家山煤矿地质环境影响评价与治理研究

摘要旬邑县席家山煤矿含煤地层为中侏罗统延安组地层，共含二层煤，矿山生产规模为0.15M/a,属小型矿山。通过对该煤矿地质环境的评估，可以科学判断煤矿开采对周边地质环境的影响程度，并对其进行合理治理，以减少地质环境问题的发生和扩大范围。本文在野外实地勘查的基础上，对矿山开采的情况、方式以及矿体特性进行调查，分析矿区的地质环境问题，评估由矿山开采引起的一系列地质环境现状。取得的成果如下：(1)评价区域重要性为重要区域，矿山地质环境条件复杂程度为中复杂型，评价精度等级为一级。(2)评价区存在塌方2处(B1、B2),地面塌陷潜在危险源3处(TX1、TX2、TX3)。采矿对含水层影响轻微：工业场地建设对地形影响严重：采矿生产对水、土壤环境有轻度污染。(3)针对席家山煤矿矿山地质环境问题及评价结果，制定了治理方案：①采用充填法开采及时回填采空区，避免或减少采空塌陷和地裂缝的发生：②在地下水充填方向，采取注水隔水、注水止漏、防渗墙等技术措施，防止径流溢出，减少径流：③合理规划，科学利用土地资源，边开采、边治理：④建立监测站：对地表损伤进行监测。关键词：席家山煤矿：矿山地质环境：地质环境评价1ABSTRACTThe coal bearing strata of Xijiashan Coal Mine in Xunyi County are the Yan'an Formationof the Middle Jurassic,consisting of two layers of coal.The production scale of the mine is0.15Mt/a,and it is a small-scale mine.By evaluating the geological environment of the coalmine,the degree of impact of coal mining on the surrounding geological environment can bescientifically determined,and reasonable management can be carried out to reduce theoccurrence of geological environment problems and expand their scope.On the basis of fieldexploration,this article investigates the mining situation,methods,and characteristics of orebodies,analyzes the geological environmental problems in the mining area,and evaluates aseries of geological environmental conditions caused by mining.The achievements are asfollows:(1)The importance of the evaluation area is considered as an important area,and thecomplexity of the mining geological environment conditions is of medium complexity.Theaccuracy level of the evaluation is level one.(2)There are 2 landslides (B1,B2)and 3 potential hazards of ground collapse (TX1,TX2,TX3)in the evaluation area.Mining has a slight impact on aquifers;The construction ofindustrial sites has a serious impact on the terrain;Mining production causes mild pollution towater and soil environment.(3)In response to the geological and environmental problems and evaluation results of theXijiashan coal mine,a treatment plan has been formulated:1 using the filling method totimely backfill the goaf,avoiding or reducing the occurrence of goaf collapse and ground cracks;2 In the direction of groundwater filling,technical measures such as water injection for waterisolation,water injection for leak prevention,and anti-seepage walls are taken to prevent runoffoverflow and reduce runoff;3 Reasonable planning,scientific utilization of land resources,simultaneous mining and management;4 Establish a monitoring station to monitor surfacedamage.Key words Xijiashan coal mine;Mine geological environment;Geological environmentevaluation目录第1章绪论...11.1选题背景与研究意义...1.1.1选题背景1.1.2研究意义....1.2研究现状..1.2.1国外研究现状....…。11.2.2国内研究现状...1.2.3研究内容及技术路线·2第2章研究区概况.....2.1自然地理......42.1.1地理位置.......2.1.2地形地貌……42.2地质环境条件…52.2.1地层岩性0.52.2.2地质构造….72.2.3水文地质条件...2.2.4工程地质条件.....92.2.5煤层地质特征....…….102.2.6人类工程活动....……….10第3章矿山地质环境问题..·.113.1矿山地质灾害类型及特征........113.1.1崩塌...123.1.2采空区地面塌陷.…123.2含水层破坏.....…133.3地形地貌景观破坏....…….14公3.4土地资源破坏......…....143.4.1土地挖损、占压损毁.......143.4.2地面塌陷....15第4章矿山地质环境评价.....