某污水处理厂反硝化细菌的富集及净水效果研究

某污水处理厂反硝化细菌的富集及净水效果研究摘要近年来，随着工农业的快速发展，含有氮元素的物质占很大比重，水体氮污染的问题也成为了水环境治理的重大攻坚难点之一。废水的排放问题已经成为了重点的环境问题，废水大量的随意排放不仅对生态环境造成严重威肋，同时人体的健康发展也发生许多不良影响。本文以污水厂生化处理脱氮阶段污水中反硝化细菌为研究对象，通过从污水中提取菌株进行固体培养基筛选、分离、鉴别、纯化和液体扩培，选出优势菌种，并进行单因素试验，确定菌种最适的生长环境，在最适的环境条件下制作种子液，并利用种子液进行脱氮条件试验。本实验利用BTB培养基从污水中筛选出8株反硝化细菌，选取培养基中生长出蓝色透明圈最明显菌株，通过扩培和单因素实验，结果表明菌株最适生长温度为35℃，最适碳源种类为柠檬酸钠，最适C/N为10，最适接种率为10%。将最适环境下培养的菌液作为种子液，将种子液加入污水中进行脱氮效果实验，确定脱氮效果最优为接入种子液接种率10%时。通过筛选获得的反硝化菌株为污水硝态氮的降解提供了一定的研究基础。关键词：反硝化细菌：硝态氮：优化培养：脱氮工艺ABETRACTSince In this paper,the denitrifying bacteria in the wastewater during thenitrogen removal stage of biochemical treatment in a sewage plant was taken as the research object.The strains were extracted from the wastewater for solidmedium screening,separation,identification,purification and liquid expansion.The dominant strains were selected for single factor test,the optimal growth environment was selected,and the strains were cultured to make seed liquid,and the nitrogen removal conditions were tested with the seed liquid.In this experiment,8 strains of denitrifying bacteria were screened from sewage using BTB medium,and the strains with the most obvious transparent growth circle were selected in the medium.Through expansion culture and single factor experiment,Through the experiment,it was found that the most suitable growth temperature of the strain was 35C,the optimal carbon source type was sodium citrate,the optimal C/N was 10,and the optimal inoculation rate was 10%.The bacterial solution cultured in the optimal environment was used as seed solution,and the seed solution was added into the sewage for nitrogen removal effect experiment.The optimal nitrogen removal effect was determined to be 10%of the inoculation rate.The denitrifyingThe selected strains can provide some research basis for sewage degradation nitrate nitrogen in heavy sewage.Key words:denitrifying bacteria;Nitrate nitrogen;Optimized culture;Nitrogenremoval process目录第1章绪论061.1研究背景…61.2水体污染现状..71.3研究现状.71.4研究技术路线8第2章菌种的筛选和纯化….92.1实验材料…92.1.1样品来源.92.1.2实验试剂..92.1.3实验仪器.102.2实验方法.….102.2.1培养基的配制和灭菌处理…102.2.2菌种的富集培养….112.2.3菌种纯化…122.2.4BTB培养基初筛纯化.122.2.5BTB培养基代纯化.122.3革兰氏染色观察.….132.4本章小结.…132.4.1菌种的富集培养结果..132.4.2菌种的纯化培养结果.142.4.3BTB培养基初筛纯化结果.142.4.4BTB培养基划线纯化结果.142.4.5革兰氏染色结果…152.4.6制作斜面保存菌种..15第3章培养条件优化….163.1样品种子液制备….163.2温度对反硝化细菌生长影响….163.3接种率对反硝化细菌生长影响……173.4碳源种类对反硝化细菌生长影响173.5C/N对反硝化细菌生长影响.….18