城市工业园区有毒气体的扩散及应急疏散

城市工业园区有毒气体泄漏扩散模型及应急疏散的研究摘要随着化工行业的不断兴起，使有毒气体的种类和数量不断增加，在化工生产、储存和使用中，有毒气体泄漏事故屡见不鲜，给人们的健康和周边环境环境造成了威胁。为了避免有毒气体对人员身体伤害以及经济损失，快速确定疏散路径，最大可能降低疏散成本等问题成为了应急疏散指挥人员最大的问题。因此对城市工业园区有毒气体泄漏扩散模型及应急疏散进行研究具备重大的研究价值和社会意义。本文针对城市工业园区有毒气体泄漏事故进行分析研究，先分析有毒气体泄漏事故主要的发生原因和易泄漏装置，其次介绍有毒气体的泄漏扩散模型的相关理论。在此理论基础上，以某化工厂为例，用高斯模型模拟液氨储管泄漏，结合Matlab模拟软件对液氨泄漏事故进行后果分析，得到氨气泄漏扩散的浓度场，划分出泄漏后的危险区域。按照有毒气体对人体不同伤害程度的浓度和该公司的厂区布置及周边环境，结合当量直径法计算求得人员疏散的最佳疏散路径，为城市工业园区有毒气体泄漏事故的人员疏散提供科学有效的疏散方案。关键词：有毒气体，泄漏扩散模型，MATLAB软件，当量直径法，应急疏散，疏散路径Study on toxic gas leakage and diffusionmodel and emergency evacuation in urbanindustrial parkAbstractWith the rising of chemical industry,the kinds and quantities of toxic gases areincreasing.In the production,storage and use of chemical industry,toxic gas leakageaccidents are common,it poses a threat to people;s health and the surroundingenvironment.In order to avoid the injury and economic loss of personnel caused bytoxic gas,the problems of quickly determining the evacuation route and minimizing theevacuation cost have become the biggest problems for emergency evacuationcommanders.Therefore,it is of great research value and social significance to study thetoxic gas leakage and diffusion model and emergency evacuation in urban industrialpark.In this paper,the toxic gas leakage accident in urban industrial park is analyzed,the main reasons of the toxic gas leakage accident and the easy-to-leak device areanalyzed first,secondly,the theory of toxic gas leakage and diffusion model isintroduced.Based on this theory,a chemical plant was used as an example to simulatethe leakage of liquid ammonia from a storage pipe using Gauss's model;s model,and aconsequence analysis of a liquid ammonia leakage accident was conducted usingMATLAB simulation software,delineate the hazardous area after a spill.According tothe concentration of toxic gas to the human body and the layout of the factory and thesurrounding environment,the optimum evacuation route is calculated by the method ofequivalent diameter,to provide a scientific and effective evacuation plan for theevacuation of toxic gas leakage accidents in urban industrial parks.Key words:Toxic gas,leakage and diffusion model,MATLAB software,Equivalentdiameter method,emergency evacuation,evacuation path目录中文摘要.I英文摘要.…...............JI1绪论11研究背景及其意义1.1.1研究背景1.1.2研究意义…11.2国内外现状…1.2.1国外现状.212.2国内现状.313研究目的和研究内容.….513.1研究目的…13.2研究内容.52城市工业园区有毒气体扩散分析62.1有有毒气体…..622城市工业园区有毒气体泄漏扩散分析.622.1泄漏源622.2城市工业园区易发生泄漏的主要设备.722.3有毒气体泄漏原因.….722.4有毒气体泄漏后果.823有毒气体泄漏后的扩散及扩散影响因素.….823.1有毒气体泄漏后的扩散.92.3.2扩散影响因素93有毒气体泄漏模型及应急疏散理论分析3.1安全应急疏散常用方法和模型3.1.1安全应急疏散常用方法.113.1.2高斯扩散模型(Gauss Model).1232软件介绍….144氨气泄漏毒害区域的估算.154.1液氨储罐区泄漏情况模拟...154.1.1案例概括….154.1.2研究方法及过程….16