800吨米塔式起重机总体及平衡臂设计

摘要塔式起重机属于非连续装卸机械的一种。在高层建筑中，起重机的应用越来越广泛，它们已经成为工业和民用建筑中重要的设备，用来吊装预制构件、建筑材料和工具。塔式起重机的振幅能够达到80%，远远超过普通履带式和甲板式起重机，它们的使用率也远远超出了50%。此外，随着建筑物高度的增加，利用率大大降低塔式起重机的应用已经深入到了工业与民用领域，它不仅可以大大提升施工效率，而且还能够有效地减少施工时间，节省施工费用，因此，它已经被公认为是最先进的技术。塔式起重机的使用在加快设计、缩短周期和降低工程成本方面发挥着重要作用。根据塔式起重机的设计要求，进行800吨米塔式起重机总体及平衡臂的结构设计，对塔式起重机的整体参数进行确定以及在几种不同的工况下塔机整体抗倾覆稳定性的计算校核，并且对平衡臂进行更为深入的设计计算，首先根据所给条件大概确定平衡臂的尺寸，进行风载荷的计算与平衡重的确定，并对平衡臂进行强度稳定性校核。在塔式起重机中，平衡臂起着至关重要的作用。它通常被安装在回转式起重机的底座，起到支撑重物的作用，形成一个与起重机的运动方向相逆的平衡力。这样，就能保证起重机在运行过程中的安全。因此设计对于起重机工作的安全性有很大影响，本次设计除了进行以上的计算校核外，还使用了设计软件SolidWorks与AutoCAD进行辅助设计工作，为同类型的塔机平衡臂的结构设计提供参考。关键词：QTZ80式塔式起重机；总体设计；平衡臂-I-Overall and balance arm design of the 800-ton Mita craneAbstractTower cranes belong to a type of non continuous loading and unloading machinery.Inhigh-rise buildings,the application of cranes is becoming increasingly widespread,and theyhave become important equipment in industrial and civil buildings,used to lift prefabricatedcomponents,building materials,and tools.The amplitude of tower cranes can reach 80%,farexceeding that of ordinary crawler and deck cranes,and their utilization rate also far exceeds50%.In addition,as the height of buildings increases,the utilization rate greatly decreases.The application of tower cranes has penetrated into the industrial and civil fields.It can notonly greatly improve construction efficiency,but also effectively reduce construction time andsave construction costs.Therefore,it has been recognized as the most advanced technology.The use of tower cranes plays an important role in accelerating design,shortening cycles,andreducing engineering costs.According to the construction requirements of the tower crane,the total design of the 800tons tower crane and the structural construction of the balance arm are carried out.The overallparameters of the tower crane are determined and the overall rolling stability of the towercrane is calculated and verified under several different working conditions.In addition,morein-depth design calculations are performed on the balance arm.First,the balance arm size isroughly determined according to the given conditions,and wind load calculation and balanceweight are determined.And perform strength stability verification on the balance arm.In tower cranes,the balancing arm plays a crucial role.It is usually installed on the baseof a rotary crane to support heavy objects and form a balance force that is opposite to thedirection of the crane's movement.This ensures the safety of the crane during operation.Therefore,the design has a significant impact on the safety of crane operation.In addition tothe above calculation and verification,the design software SolidWorks and AutoCAD werealso used for auxiliary design work,providing reference for the structural design of the sametype of tower crane balance arm.Key Words:QTZ80 tower crane;Overall design;Balancing arm-II-目录摘要…....................Abstract......1.绪论……11.1简介1.2塔式起重机发展现状及前景.21.2.1国内外发展现状.21.2.2国内政策51.2.3存在问题.61.2.4解决方案.62.塔式起重机总体设计