基于感性工学的城市小微空间情感化设计

摘要随着我国城市化的进程不断发展，土地短缺等城市问题逐渐出现，城市小微空间的建设成为当前我国城市规划的重点。同时，随着人们的需求水平提升，空间设计的情感化表达也成为热点关注话题。城市小微空间是与城市居民日常生活和交往联系最紧密的场所，营造具有丰富情感化表达的小微空间是促进市民互相交往、推动城市建设整体发展的重要内容。本文根据感性工学系统的理论和方法，围绕“小微空间情感化设计”这一核心问题，首先介绍研究背景，选定研究对象，选取张家口主城区小微空间为研究对象，梳理国内外相关研究理论，介绍了研究方法和框架。其次，对张家口市主城区小微空间建设的现状和存在的问题进行分析。接着从市民的使用需求的角度运用层次分析法提取小微空间情感化设计影响因素并进行量化分析，以此为基础提出评价标准。最后结合评价结果提出张家口市主城区小微空间情感化设计建设原则，并从景观环境优化、空间质量提升、服务设施配置、社会文化丰富四个方面提出小微空间建设优化策略。研究发现，张家口市小微空间分布不均匀，空间品质较差，在绿化、开放程度、设施、环境等方面都存在不足之处。结合市民的主观需求，运用层次分析法计算得出使用者对于张家口市主城区小微空间情感化设计要素需求度最高的是安全性以及绿化率，对于步行系统、设施密度与空间热度的关注较少。在此基础上提出张家口市小微空间建设要注重均匀布点，打造多功能空间：在景观方面要多种植常绿植物：利用微设计提升空间使用感以及适当结合当地文化打造艺术空间。本文希望通过对城市小微空间情感化设计的初步研究为城市整体建设的发展和空间情感化表达的研究添砖加瓦，为城市小微空间建设提供思路。关键词：微公共空间：感性工学：张家口：情感化设计：层次分析法ABSTRACTWith the continuous development of urbanization in China,urban problemssuch as land shortage have gradually emerged,and the construction of urbanmicro-spaces has become the focus of urban planning in China.At the same time,aspeople's demand level rises,the emotional expression of space design has alsobecome a hot topic of concern.Urban micro-spaces are the places that are mostclosely connected to the daily lives and interactions of urban residents,and creatingsmall micro-spaces with rich emotional expression is an important element inpromoting citizens'interactions with each other and in promoting the overalldevelopment of urban construction.Based on the theories and methods of sensual engineering systems,this paperfocuses on the core issue of "emotional design of micro spaces",firstly,itintroduces the background of the study,selects the research object,chooses themicro spaces in the main city of Zhangjiakou as the research object,compares therelevant research theories at home and abroad,and introduces the research methodsand framework.Secondly,the current situation and problems of micro spaceconstruction in the main urban area of Zhangjiakou are analyzed.Then,theevaluation criteria are proposed based on the quantitative analysis of the factorsinfluencing the emotional design of micro spaces from the perspective of citizens'usage needs using the hierarchical analysis method.Finally,the evaluation resultsare combined to propose the principles for the construction of emotional design ofmicro spaces in the main urban area of Zhangjiakou,and the optimization strategiesfor the construction of micro spaces are proposed in four aspects:landscapeenvironment optimization,spatial quality improvement,service facilitiesconfiguration and social and cultural enrichment.The study finds that micro spaces in Zhangjiakou are unevenly distributed,withpoor spatial quality and deficiencies in greening,openness,facilities andenvironment.Combined with the subjective needs of the public,the AnalyticHierarchy Process was used to calculate that users'demand for the emotional designelements of micro and small spaces in the main urban area of Zhangjiakou is highestin terms of safety and greening rate,while less attention is paid to the pedestriansystem,facility