论高空抛物罪的司法认定

目录摘要Abstract...........绪论.(一)选题背景(二)研究意义(三)采取的手段....(四)实施方案.2(五)学术综述.………2一、高空抛物罪的概念和构成要件(一)高空抛物罪的概念3(二)主观要件.....1.故意的认定..2.动机的认定.4(三)客观要件...1.高空抛物行为的实施.42.“情节严重”的认定.二、高空抛物罪与相关罪名的区别........(一)与以危险方法危害公共安全罪的区别...........61.二者共同之处.…62.二者侵犯法益的差异......73.二者构成要件的差异.....4.二者行为的危险性和后果的差异8(二)与故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪的区别.............81.二者共同之处.……92.二者主观故意的差异93.二者客观表现的差异....94.二者法律后果的差异...95.二者客体的差异.…10(三)与过失致人死亡罪的区别..101.二者共同之处..102.构成要件的差异...103.行为性质的差异..114.后果与量刑的差异...11三、高空抛物罪的司法认定难点..………·12(一)行为主体的认定...12(二)“高空”的认定....(三)抛掷行为的认定....13(四)物品范围的认定..·...13四、高空抛物罪的司法认定解决路径..................14(一)加强监控与证据收集.....….14(二)明确“高空”的法律标准..……….14(三)加强科技支撑与监督.....14(四)“物”的物理致害性的明确..….15结语..15参考文献.15致谢.…17论高空抛物罪的司法认定摘要近年来，随着城市进程的加快，平地起高楼的现象也越来越多，几十层的高楼大厦己经屡见不鲜，但随之而来的是高空抛物频频出现，对公民人身、财产安全乃至社会公共安全秩序和公共秩序造成严重威胁，深受社会公众关注。之前，我国高空抛物行为由民法规制，但随着案件增多，案情复杂，民法规范己无法对高空抛物行为进行规制，必须由刑法予以规制。《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（十一）》中设立了高空抛物罪，为司法机关处理高空抛物行为提供了刑事法律依据，但在司法实践中，对高空抛物罪的构成要件、与相关罪名的界限等认定还存在诸多争议，如情节严重的判定标准不清晰等，需要予以深入探究解决，确保准确适用法律，维护司法公正和权威”。本文回应了高空抛物罪中“高空”和“抛物”的内涵和外延，例如多高的空中算是高空、扔什么物品和多大的重量以及什么类型的物品可以成为高空抛物的“抛物”，如何界定以危险方法危害公共安全罪、故意伤害罪、过失致人死亡罪等罪名，如何界定高空抛物罪的入罪门槛，以及情节严重具体包括哪些情形，对高空抛物构成要件要素的认定，对情节严重的判断标准及如何衡量，对高空抛物行为与故意以危险方法危害公共安全行为的区别等，进行更明确和统一的界定，有助于避免同案不同判的情况出现，提升司法的公信力，增强对法律的认知和敬畏，起到有效震慑和普法宣传的双重作用，引导公众规范自身行为，减少高空抛物行为，也有利于为行政执法和刑事司法衔接提供更准确的指引，推动全面依法治国，全面提升法治社会建设，维护社会公众合法权益。关键词：高空抛物罪：情节严重：公共利益AbstractIn recent times,the relentless advance of urbanization has led to the proliferation ofskyscrapers,with multi-story structures becoming a ubiquitous sight.As the vertical expanse ofthese buildings increases,incidents involving high-altitude object projection have unfortunatelybecome more prevalent.Such actions pose grave dangers to the lives and assets of residents,whilealso undermining the social fabric and public tranquility,gamering considerable public concern.Historically,such conduct has been addressed under civil legislation.The escalating number of①刘文凯.高空抛物罪的司法适用研究[D].贵州民族大学，2023.论高空抛物罪的司法认定incidents,coupled with their heightened complexity,has rendered civil law inadequate ingovering such conduct.Consequently,it has become imperative to encompass such behaviorswithin the ambit of criminal law.The Criminal Law Amendment (XI)of the People's Republic ofChina has introduced the offense of high-altitude object throwing,furnishing judicial authoritieswith a criminal legal foundation to address such cases.Nevertheless,judicial practice still grappleswith numerous controversies,primarily concerning the delineation of the offense's constitutiveelements and its differentiation from associated charges.The identification of the crime ofthrowing objects from high altitudes harbors numerous controversies,particularly concerning theambiguous criteria for determining the gravity of the act.This necessitates thorough exploration toelucidate these standards,thereby guaranteeing precise legal application and upholding judicialfairness and legitimacy.The present paper tackles the intricate task of delineating the exactparameters of high