论赦免制度

论赦免制度摘要：赦免体制的推行具有重要的刑事政策实际意义与重大现实价值，应否适度行赦如何更好地行赦，成了集中反映国家法制发展和社会的进步之重要实际问题。在赦免权的行使理念上，两个地方设定并不相同。内地将赦免决策权与赦免令发布权不相容，前面一种由全国人大常委会行使，后面一种由国家现任主席行使：97香港回归前由省长和立法会一同行使，重归后根据历史时间、现实状况的考虑统一由特首行使。和港澳地区一样，全世界许多国家的赦免权都属于国家元首或政府首脑，内地有没有必要与其他国家和地区保持一致呢？小编认为没必要。在目前内地法律不具体、赦免法律效力繁杂的情形下，由立法机构在赦免在实践中应用这般多样化效力赦免更容易掌握其自身的法律用意，合乎慎重赦免的奋斗精神。另一方面，由全国人大常委会这一立法机构行使赦免决策权进一步提高了赦免的协调能力，在目前内地赦免法律粗糙的情形下全国人大常委会能够根据具体个例之状的需求因情施赦，灵便处理社会政治、经济发展、外交关系等诸方面所存在的困难，与此同时有利于填补法律之系统漏洞。本文就尝试对赦免规章制度在建设和谐社会中常具备的重要性及其在我国赦免规章制度所存在的缺点开展分析从而对健全当代赦免规章制度提出一些设想。关键词：赦免制度；死刑：法律On pardon systemAbstract:The implementation of pardon system has important practical significance andgreat practical value in criminal policy.Whether to forgive moderately and how to forgivebetter has become an important practical issue that reflects the development of national legalsystem and social progress.In the concept of exercising the right of pardon,the two places arenot the same.The decision-making power of pardon is incompatible with the issuing power ofpardon order in the Mainland.The former is exercised by the National People's CongressStanding Committee (NPCSC)and the latter is exercised by the current president of thecountry.Before the reunification of Hong Kong,it was jointly exercised by the governor andthe Legislative Council,and after the reunification,it was uniformly exercised by the ChiefExecutive according to the historical time and realistic situation.Like Hong Kong and Macao,the pardon right of many countries in the world belongs to the head of state or government.Isit necessary for the mainland to be consistent with other countries and regions?Xiaobianthinks it is not necessary.At present,the mainland laws are not specific and the legal effect ofpardon is complicated.It is easier for the legislature to grasp its own legal intention byapplying such diversified effects in practice,which is in line with the spirit of struggle forcareful pardon.On the other hand,the National People's Congress Standing Committee(NPCSC),a legislative body,exercises the decision-making power of pardon,which furtherimproves the coordination ability of pardon.At present,the National People's CongressStanding Committee (NPCSC)can forgive according to the needs of specific cases,andhandle the difficulties in social politics,economic development,diplomatic relations and otheraspects flexibly,which is also conducive to filling the loopholes in the legal system.Thispaper tries to analyze the importance of pardon rules and regulations in building a harmonioussociety and its shortcomings in China,so as to put forward some ideas for improvingcontemporary pardon rules and regulations.Keywords:pardon system;Death penalty;law目录第1章引言…1.1研究的背景1.2研究意义1.3国内外研究现状.2第2章现代赦免制度在构建和谐社会中的重要意义.62.1有助于彰显国家德政..62.2有利于缓和国内矛盾，解决国际纠纷62.3有助于纠正司法错误，维护国民利益.62.4有助于鼓励犯人改过自新，进而达到刑罚的目的.72.5有助于限制死刑政策的实现.7第3章当前赦免制度在构建和谐社会中存在的缺陷.83.1宪法和刑法典规定过于简陋，缺乏可操作性.83.2司法实践过于谨慎，不敢动用赦免制度.83.3外交和涉外司法制度过于粗陋，对赦免缺乏考虑.8第4章我国现代赦免制度在构建和谐社会中的理想建构104.1针对立法现状，完善法律法规…104.2针对国情，确立适当制度104.