炭黑的制备及应用

炭黑的制备及应用摘要炭黑是通过不完全燃烧或热解而得到的烃类（如煤炭、天然气、原油等)。它的主体成分是碳，外表以黑色为主。在显微镜下，胶体粒子和几乎呈球状，观察这些物质的出现就象是某种凝胶状的高分子。相同的高分子材料，其初始颗粒的大小基本相同，而原始颗粒的大部分内部结构是平行的，稀薄的。注意：碳黑的初始颗粒大小及大小与碳黑的种类有直接关系。在单一的颗粒群中，颗粒的大小基本相同。炭黑是一种轻质、松散、细小的黑色粉末。炭黑可以提高橡胶的强度，而利用橡胶来制造碳黑，是橡胶制品行业中的重要原料。在橡胶工业中，原料消耗最大，其次是天然橡胶，其次是碳黑。碳黑是橡胶中最大比例的一种。本文重点介绍了我国炭黑的成熟生产技术及其在我国的发展状况：通过实例阐述了橡胶炭黑对轮胎配方的影响：分析了胶料对炭黑的填充性和增强作用，并结合实际情况，说明了在不同的性质和经济效益下，炭黑的选用：采用标准测试法及仪器测试数据，对炭黑进行了分散性、着色强度、破碎强度、吸油值、比表面积、物理性能等方面的分析。综述了炭黑的生产应用新动向。关键词：炭黑，发展现状制备工艺，炭黑命名，橡胶配方，炭黑性能检验，发展趋势1Preparation and application of carbon blackABSTRACTCarbon black is the hydrocarbon (such as incomplete combustion,natural gas,crude oil,etc.).Its main component is carbon,and the appearance is mainly black.Under the microscope,the colloidal particles and particles are almostspherical,and the appearance of these substances is like a certain kind ofgel-like macromolecule.The same polymer material has basically the samesize of the initial particles,while most of the internal structure of theoriginal particles is parallel and thin.Note:The initial particle size and sizeof carbon black are directly related to the type of carbon black.In a single particle population,the particles are essentially the samesize.Carbon black is a light,loose,fine black powder.Carbon black canimprove the strength of rubber,and the use of rubber to make carbon black,is an important raw material in the rubber products industry.In the rubberindustry,raw materials consume the most,followed by natural rubber,followed by carbon black.Carbon black is one of the largest proportion ofrubber.This paper mainly introduces the mature production technology ofcarbon black in China and its development status in China,expounds theinfluence of rubber carbon black on tire formula,analyzes the filling andenhancement effect,and explains the selection of carbon black,adoptsstandard test method and instrument test data,including dispersion,coloring strength,crushing strength,oil absorption value,specific surfacearea,physical properties and so on.The new trend of the production andapplication of carbon black is summarized.Key Words:Carbon black,development status preparation process,carbon black naming,rubber formula,carbon black performance inspection,development trend