基于单片机的节水型农业灌溉系统

摘要为满足实际需求和系统技术要求，选用STC89C52单片机芯片作为核心控制部分设计了一个基于单片机控制的智能节水灌溉控制系统。系统包含湿度检测电路、4×4矩阵键盘电路、LCD12864液晶动态显示电路、超限报警电路、继电器控制电路和电源电路等多个部分。通过利用湿度检测电路中的传感器对土壤湿度进行采集，将检测到的模拟量通过模数转换器转换为数字量并发送给单片机，还能够在LCD12864液晶屏上显示。此外，使用矩阵键盘设定节水灌溉系统的上下限，能够实现对土壤湿度的监测监控，并可进行合适范围的设置和显示。如果，一旦该系统超过设定的上下限，单片机便可以通过串口向P℃端发送警报信息，及时提示系统状态，并通过蜂鸣器实现系统的警报功能。该系统呈现出高度的可塑性和可靠性，易于操作，完美地实现了人机互动的理念，未来的开发前景将更加广阔。关键词：灌溉；单片机；节水；土壤湿度AbstractIn order to meet the actual needs and system technical requirements,an intelligentwater-saving irrigation control system based on single-chip microcomputer control isdesigned by using STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip as the core control part.Thesystem includes humidity detection circuit,4x 4 matrix keyboard circuit,LCD 12864 liquidcrystal dynamic display circuit,overrun alarm circuit,relay control circuit and power supplycircuit.By using the sensor in the humidity detection circuit to collect soil moisture,thedetected analog quantity is converted into digital quantity through the analog-to-digitalconverter and sent to the single-chip microcomputer,which can also be displayed on theLCD12864 LCD screen.In addition,using the matrix keyboard to set the upper and lowerlimits of the water-saving irrigation system can realize the monitoring and monitoring of soilmoisture,and can set and display the appropriate range.If,once the system exceeds the setupper and lower limits,the single chip microcomputer can send alarm information to the PCthrough the serial port,prompt the system status in time,and realize the alarm function of thesystem through the buzzer.The system presents a high degree of plasticity and reliability,easy to operate,perfectly realizes the concept of human-computer interaction,and the futuredevelopment prospects will be broader.Key words:Irrigate;Singlechip;Water Conservation;Soil Moisture目录第一章绪论1.1基于单片机的节水型农业灌溉系统1.1.1研究目的1.1.2研究意义1.1.3国内外节水型农业灌溉的现状1.2本文研究的内容1.3系统总体结构框图第二章系统硬件电路设计2.1微控制器模块设计42.1.1控制器芯片…2.1.2STC89C52单片机最小系统42.2各部分模块设计2.2.1继电器模块电路设计2.2.2LCD12864液晶显示电路设计62.2.3土壤湿度检测模块电路设计62.2.4AD转换模块电路设计.72.2.5键盘输入电路设计…82.2.6串口驱动模块设计…第三章系统软件电路设计…93.1系统软件设计及总体流程图93.2LCD12864液晶显示实现103.3湿度检测模块123.4按键控制模块.133.5串口通信模块15第四章系统测试17第五章总结，19参考文献.20致.21