ABS苯并噁嗪树脂复合材料阻燃性能的机理研究

致谢本论文的选题、实验设计是在我导师闫红强老师的悉心指导下完成的。闫老师严谨的工作态度、渊博的知识，在我论文编写以及论文实验的过程中提供了许多的帮助，还树立了良好的榜样，在此我向闫老师献上我最真挚的感谢！在进行样品制备以及表征过程中，衷心感谢余小雨、刘丽红、江耀鹏等给与的帮助！感谢杨惠哲、严言、付祥雨、郭子乐等同学对我编写论文的帮助！最后感谢我的家人在我生活上一直以来的鼓励和帮助！摘要本文采用磷系阻燃剂与苯并噁嗪(BOZ)树脂复合制备无卤阻燃的ABS树脂。苯并噁嗪作为一种较为新的杂环酚醛，具有极高的残炭率。本文先是使用聚磷酸酯(APP)、磷酸三苯酯(TPP)、异丙基化磷酸三苯酯(PPP)与高残炭苯并噁嗪树脂进行复配从而制得无卤的阻燃ABS树脂。热重-红外(TG-FTR)分析表明在ABS/苯并噁嗪树脂复合材料燃烧过程中添加的磷系阻燃剂在加热时会分解产生磷酸、聚偏磷酸等强吸水性物质。加入高残炭的苯并噁嗪相较于低残炭的残炭率提高约32.6%。采用磷酸氢锆(Z(HPO4)2)作为协效成炭剂来提高阻燃性能，加入5份的磷酸氢锆后的复合材料的残炭率比未添加的提高约22%，最大热释放速率降低降低高达47%，总热释放量也从77.1MJ/m2减少到76.6Mm?。扫描电镜(SEM)分析显示磷系阻燃剂和BOZ可以形成致密性高的炭层，而磷酸氢锆能将减少阻燃剂的挥发提高炭层的生成从而增强阻燃性能。关键词：苯并噁嗪；ABS;磷系阻燃剂；磷酸氢锆AbstractThe halogen-free flame retardant ABS resin was prepared by the combination ofphosphorous flame retardant and benzoxazine (BOZ)resin.Benzoxazine,as arelatively new heterocyclic phenolic aldehyde,has a very high carbon residue rate.In this paper,polyphosphate (APP),triphenyl phosphate (TPP),triphenylisopropyl phosphate (IPPP)and benzoxazine resin with high carbon residue were usedto prepare halogen-free flame retardant ABS resin.Thermogravimetric infrared(TG-FTIR)analysis showed that phosphorous flame retardants added in thecombustion process of ABS/benzoxazine resin composites would decompose andproduce phosphoric acid,polyphosphoric acid and other strong absorbent substanceswhen heated.The residue rate of benzoxazine with high carbon residue increased by32.6%compared with low carbon residue.Using zirconium hydrogen phosphate(Zr(HPO4)2)as a co-acting carbon forming agent to improve the flame retardantproperty,adding 5 parts of zirconium hydrogen phosphate as carbon residual rateincreased by about 22%compared with the composite without addition,the maximumheat release rate decreased by 47%,the total heat release decreased from 77.1MJ/m2to 76.6MJ/m2.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)analysis showed thatphosphorous flame retardants and BOZ could form dense carbon layers,whilezirconium phosphate could reduce the volatilization of flame retardants and enhancethe formation of carbon layers,thus enhancing the flame retardancy.Key words:benzoxazine;ABS;Phosphorous flame retardant;Zirconiumhydrogen phosphate