河北省邯郸市龙海公园植物多样性分析及优化策略

摘要随着生态文明建设的不断深入，城市绿化作为城市重要的基础设施。在城市绿化中，植物多样性对于改普生态环境和提高人民生活质量，以及城市生态系统的优化具有重要意义。本文采取全园普查法和样方法相结合的方法，对龙海公园内的植物种类进行调查，分析其园林植物资源现状和物种多样性等方面，希望可以为邯郸市今后开展植物多样性工作保护提供基础资料。主要成果如下：(1)公园内共有园林植物31科68属87种。裸子植物3科7属10种：被子植物28科61属77种，其中双子叶植物24科47属63种，单子叶植物4科14属14种。(2)龙海公园植物中优势种有蔷薇科、豆科、木犀科等：植物生活型方面，以落叶乔木、落叶灌木居多，落叶乔灌木与常绿乔灌木数量不均衡，单科（属）单种植物占比近一半，群落组成具有较高的分散性，乔灌草类型群落的物种多样性普遍大于其他类型的植物群落。(3)在对公园植物调查时发现，植被重复使用，区别化较差，建议利用既有资源，增加组团景观：植被的布局相对单调，缺少植物层次变化，建议合理借助地形，创造多种空间结构。关键词：植物多样性：植物群落：龙海公园；邯郸市ABSTRACTWith the continuous deepening of ecological civilization construction,urban greening is animportant infrastructure for cities.In urban greening,plant diversity is of great significance forimproving the ecological environment,improving the quality of people's life,and optimizing theUrban ecosystem.In this paper,the general survey method and sample method are combined to investigate theplant species in Longhai Park,and analyze the current situation of garden plant resources andspecies diversity,hoping to provide basic data for the future work of plant diversity protection inHandan City.The main achievements are as follows:(1)There are a total of 31 families,68 genera,and 87 species of garden plants in the park.3families,7 genera,and 10 species of gymnosperms;There are 77 species,61 genera,and 28families of angiosperms,including 63 species,47 genera,and 24 families of dicotyledonousplants,and 14 species,14 genera,and 4 families of monocotyledonous plants.(2)The dominant species in Longhai Park include Rosaceae,Leguminosae,Oleaceae,etc;In terms of plant life form,deciduous trees and shrubs are the majority.The number of deciduoustrees and shrubs and evergreen trees and shrubs is uneven.Single family (genus)and singlespecies account for nearly half of the total.The community composition is highly dispersed.Thespecies diversity of tree,shrub and grass communities is generally greater than other types ofplant community.(3)During the investigation of park plants,it was found that vegetation is reused and poorlydifferentiated.It is recommended to utilize existing resources and increase the cluster landscape;The layout of vegetation is relatively monotonous,lacking changes in plant hierarchy.It isrecommended to use terrain reasonably to create various spatial structures.Keywords:Plant diversity;Plant community;Longhai Park;Handan City女目录第1章绪论.…1.1研究背景1.2国内外研究进展1.2.1国外研究进展…。1.2.2国内研究进展.…11.3研究目的与意义.2第2章研究区域概况与研究方法.32.1研究区域概况.….32.1.1自然地理环境32.1.2龙海公园概况….32.2研究方法…32.2.1文献资料查阅法32.2.2园地踏查法…2.2.3数据分析法.42.3技术路线.5第3章结果与分析….63.1植物种类组成分析0.63.1.1龙海公园植物科属组成..63.1.2龙海公园植物科种数量及优势科….63.1.3龙海公园植物生活型分析.73.1.4龙海公园植物观赏性分析.….83.2重要值分析…93.2.1乔木层重要值分析.93.2.2灌木层重要值分析.93.2.3草本层重要值分析103.3植物多样性分析.…3.3.1物种丰富度分析3.3.2 Simpson多样性指数分析..113.3.3 Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分析.123.3.4 Pielou均匀度指数分析..13