多晶硅制造安全风险分析与评价

多晶硅制造安全风险分析与评价摘要近年来，随着国家对光伏产业的政策倾斜，光伏产业的规模也逐渐护大，其中多晶硅制造是光伏电池制造的重要一环，因此对多晶硅制造的事故预防就显得尤为重要。本文首先了解了多晶硅常用制备方法，选择改良西门子法作为分析对象，并对其生产工艺流程进行了深入学习：其次对多晶硅制造安全风险进行了系统分析，包括生产工艺过程危险有害因素分析、各岗位的危险有害因素分析、生产和使用的危险化学品危险性分析、生产安全事故案例分析等，在此基础上确定了影响多晶硅生产安全的主要因素：再次，依据安全影响因素分析结果构建了多晶硅生产安全评价指标体系，该体系共包含人、物、环、管理4个二级指标和13个三级指标：最后，构建了多晶硅生产安全模糊综合评价模型，利用层次分析法(AHP)确定了评价指标权重，并针对某企业采用熵权法对指标权重进行了修正，利用所建模型对该企业进行了评价，根据评价结果提出了风险管控建议。本文的研究结果亦适用于其他多晶硅制造企业，可以起到借鉴和指导作用。关键词多晶硅制造：层次分析法：熵权法：模糊综合评价-1-Safety Risk Analysis and Evaluation of PolysiliconManufacturingAbstractIn recent years,with the national policy inclination towards thephotovoltaic industry,the scale of the photovoltaic industry has graduallyexpanded.Among them,the manufacturing of polysilicon is an important part ofthe photovoltaic cell manufacturing process,making the prevention of accidentsin polysilicon manufacturing particularly crucial.This paper first understood the common preparation methods of polysilicon,selected the improved Siemens method as the object of analysis,and conductedan in-depth study of its production process;secondly,a systematic analysis ofthe safety risks in polysilicon manufacturing was carried out,including theanalysis of dangerous and harmful factors in the production process,analysis ofdangerous and harmful factors for each position,analysis of the dangers ofhazardous chemicals used in production,and analysis of production safetyaccident cases,etc.Based on this,the main factors affecting the safety ofpolysilicon production were identified;then,a safety evaluation index systemfor polysilicon production was constructed according to the results of the safetyimpact factor analysis,which includes four second-level indicators (people,materials,environment,and management)and 13 third-level indicators;finally,a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for the safety of polysilicon productionwas constructed.The Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was used to determinethe weights of the evaluation indicators,and the entropy weight method wasused to correct the indicator weights for a specific enterprise.The model wasused to evaluate the enterprise,and risk control suggestions were proposed-Ⅱ-based on the evaluation results.The research results of this paper are alsoapplicable to other polysilicon manufacturing enterprises and can serve as areference and guidance.Keywords Polysilicon manufacturing,AHP,entropy weight,fuzzy comprehen-sive evaluation-Ⅲ-目录摘要.a..---m.---.-.--.-m-----m--IAbstract...第1章绪论1.1研究目的与意义1.1.1研究目的1.12研究意义1.2国内外研究现状和发展趋势1.2.1国外多晶硅制备方法的研究现状1.2.2国内光伏电池生产安全风险研究现状21.2.3发展趋势.41.3主要研究内容.….41.4研究方案第2章相关概念及理论基础62.1多晶硅生产概述062.1.1光伏行业介绍62.1.2多晶硅制备的三种方法.62.1.3改良西门子法.72.2相关安全风险分析方法.92.2.1层次分析法...92.2.2熵权法.92.2.3模糊综合评价法.102.3本章小结.…11第3章多晶硅制造安全风险分析123.1生产和使用危险化学品危险性分析.123.2多晶硅生产工艺过程危险有害因素分析..133.3多晶硅制造危险有害因素分析.143.3.1火灾、爆炸风险.143.3.2中毒、室息风险.163.3.3电危害.173.3.4化学腐蚀.173.3.5高温烫伤173.3.6低温冻伤173.3.7噪声危害.18-V-