我国中小企业融资难的原因及对策研究

我国中小企业融资难的原因及对策研究摘要中小企业的发展是国家经济发展的基础，每一项生产生活的背后都离不开小企业的运作，它在推进国民经济增长和增加就业等各个方面发挥着必要的作用。但是在当今大环境下，中小企业与其他大企业相比，生产规模小、资金容易短缺，所以中小企业在创业阶段遇到的最大难题就是融资。融资困难越来越阻碍中小企业的发展。目前因为新冠疫情造成社会层面的封禁，企业难以运行，内部人员面临失业现状。地方政府一直对中小企业十分重视，怎样使得中小企业健康、稳定、快速发展是讨论最多的话题。在文章中通过理论分析和文献分析等多种研究方法，对全国中小企业的发展进行分析，认为我国中小企业发展仍有很大空间。进一步研究其融资环境，融资途径和融资状况后发现，中小企业融资难，融资贵的主要原因在于公司制度不健全，银行和金融公司担保体系不完善等多种原因。并且结合国内具体情况提供了两大点建议，首先是企业内部要进行改革，提高整体竞争力，其次是金融体系要逐渐完善，保障融资渠道贯通。关键词：中小企业；融资；政府政策-I-Research on the Reasons and Countermeasures of FinancingDifficulties of SME in ChinaAbstractThe development of small and medium-sized enterprises is the foundation of nationaleconomic development,every production and life behind the operation of small enterprises,it plays an important role in promoting national economic growth and increasingemployment and other aspects.However,in the current fierce market competition,compared with other large enterprises,small and medium-sized enterprises have smallerproduction scale and are prone to shortage of funds.Therefore,the biggest problem theyencounter in the start-up stage is financing.Financing difficulties are increasinglyhindering the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.Companies arestruggling to operate due to social restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic,andemployees are facing unemployment.The local government has always attached greatimportance to small and medium-sized enterprises,how to make the healthy,stable andrapid development of small and medium-sized enterprises is the most discussed topic.Inthis paper,through theoretical analysis and literature analysis and other research methods,the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is analyzed,and it isbelieved that there is still a lot of space for the development of small and medium-sizedenterprises in China.Further study of its financing environment,financing approaches andfinancing conditions found that SMES financing difficult,financing expensive mainreasons lie in the company system is not perfect,banks and financial companies guaranteesystem is not perfect and other reasons.Combined with the specific situation in China,twosuggestions are provided.First,the enterprise should carry out internal reform to improvethe overall competitiveness.Second,the financial system should be gradually improved toensure the connection of financing channels.Key Words:SME:Financing:Government PolicyII目录摘要Abstract一、引言(一)研究背景2(二)研究目的与意义…31.研究目的32.研究意义.3(三)研究思路与研究内容.1.研究思路.42.研究内容…4(四)研究方法与拟创新之处41.研究方法.…2.拟创新之处.5二、理论基础与文献综述6(一)融资概念6(二)理论基础….61.信息不对称理论62.信贷配给理论.6(三)文献综述.7三、中小企业现状….8(一)中小企业融资现状(二)中小企业发展特点.8(三)中小企业融资存在的困难.91.企业发展体制的限制….92.缺乏技术和核心竞争力103.中小企业信贷门槛过高10四、中小企业融资困难原因分析.11(一)内部原因.111.中小企业素质低，信用较差…112.中小企业人才匮乏113.中小企业财务制度不健全11III(二)外部原因111.金融机构不完善.….112.信用担保制度不完善2254444444444444444444444444444444440.23.上市成本高..124.法律保障体系不完善.12五、中小企业融资难的解决对策13(一）改善内部原因.131.整顿和提高中小企业整体素质.132.健全企业财务制度.133.提升自身实力与竞争力…13(二)改普外部原因..131.建立完善融资体系.132.加快建立信用担保体系…143.完善法律体系….14结论.15差参考文献16IV-