远程劳动背景下劳动者工伤认定的问题研究

摘要随着社会经济的发展，远程劳动逐渐流行起来，特别是在2020年受到疫情的影响，我国经济发展停滞不前。在这种情况下，远程劳动成为了许多企业度过难关的一种新选择。远程劳动与传统劳动最大的区别是，它打破了传统工作方式在时间上和空间上的限制，随时随地都可以利用互联网设备来完成用人单位交代的工作。虽然远程劳动的出现和发展改变了人们传统的劳动形式，但同时也带来了新的挑战。因为远程劳动难以将工作和个人生活隔离开、工作场所及工作时间的不固定，对工作原因也难以定性，从而导致在远程劳动者居家办公期间发生事故时，工伤认定存在困难。本文以实践中的案例为切入点，对远程劳动者工伤认定存在的问题进行分析，试图找出存在的困境及原因，并明确从劳动关系的从属性认定、“三工认定标准”、举证责任分配、远程劳动工伤认定程序等方面提出建议，以期为远程劳动背景下远程劳动者工伤认定程序的完善提供一些思路。关键词：居家办公：远程劳动：工伤认定：认定标准AbstractWith the continuous development of social economy,remote work has gradually becomepopular,especially in 2020,due to the impact of the epidemic,China's economy has been severelyaffected,and remote work has become a new option for many enterprises to overcome thedifficulties caused by the epidemic.What distinguishes telecommuting from traditional office workis that it breaks the limitations of traditional work methods on time and space,and uses Internetdevices and communication technology to complete work anytime and anywhere.Although theemergence and development of telecommuting have changed people's traditional forms of labor,ithas also brought new problems.Due to the difficulty in separating work and personal life fromremote work,the uncertainty of workplace and working hours,and the difficulty in determining thecause of work,it is difficult to identify industrial injuries when accidents occur during remoteworkers'home work.Based on practical cases,this article analyzes the existing problems in theidentification of remote workers'industrial injuries,attempts to identify the existing difficulties andreasons,and explicitly proposes suggestions from the following aspects of labor relations:theidentification of dependencies,the "three industry identification standards",the allocation of theburden of proof,and the identification process of remote workers'industrial injuries,with a view toproviding some ideas for the improvement of the identification process of remote workers'industrial injuries in the context of remote labor.Key words:work from home:telelabor;Determination of industrial injury:IdentificationcriteriaII目录摘要Abstract..................II一、远程劳动背景下劳动者工伤认定的司法现状.1(一)案情简介1(二)争议焦点.……二、远程劳动背景下劳动者工伤认定面临的困境2(一)劳动关系的从属性认定困难...2(二)“三工”认定的标准受时空干扰...3(三)工伤认定举证责任难度增大...·3(四)职业病的认定过程存在不确定性....三、远程劳动工伤认定的域外经验与启示.....4(一)英美法系中美国的远程劳动工伤认定的经验(二)大陆法系中日本的远程劳动工伤认定的经验4(三)对我国远程劳动工伤认定的启示......·5四、远程劳动背景下劳动者工伤认定困境的法律对策5(一)适当放宽远程劳动关系的从属性认定标准5(二)侧重于工作原因的“三工”认定标准...·6(三)灵活运用工伤认定的举证责任分配......。。。。。。。。7(四)明确并扩大远程劳动所涉职业病的保障范围(五)简化远程劳动工伤认定程序.......>五、针对远程劳动背景下劳动者工伤认定的思考8参考文献..1011III