上海市青少年持续参与棒球培训行为意向影响因素研究

上海市青少年持续参与棒球培训行为意向影响因素研究基于社会认知理论摘要体育培训业是近年来体育产业发展后的一种细分业态，对培养体育人口，带动体育健身休闲、体育竞赛表演以及体育装备制造等业态发展方面具有积极的作用。青少年体育培训以其对青少年群体成长所发挥的重要作用以及《关于促进全民健身和体育消费推动体育产业高质量发展的意见》、《关于深化体教融合促进青少年健康发展的意见》等政策的大力支持，受到党和政府越来越多的关注和重视。青少年棒球培训作为体育培训业的一项特色分支，虽起步较晚，但凭借独特的运动魅力，得到了广泛家长和青少年的一致认可。少年参与棒球培训，能够学习棒球运动的专业知识，提升自身棒球水平与运动能力，在训练和比赛中培养个体竞争意识与团队协作精神，融入到棒球运动历史悠久的文化底蕴之中，充分享受到棒球运动的竞技乐趣。为分析上海市青少年参与棒球培训后的继续参与行为意向，探索影响参与行为意向的重要因素，梳理各因素之间的内在影响机制，本研究以社会认知理论为视角，构建上海市青少年参与棒球培训行为意向研究概念模型，提出理论假设并予以实证检验。本研究以2021年上海市“PONY”联盟青少年春季棒球挑战赛和2021年“软银鹰”杯飓龙联盟青少年秋季棒球挑战赛的参赛球员为调查对象，共收集到有效问卷398份。运用SPSS13.0和AMOS26.0统计软件对数据进行描述性统计分析、因子分析、相关性检验、结构方程模型分析和中介效应检验，并运用逻辑分析法对验证结果进行内在机制的推理与归纳。研究结果表明：1.社会支持对青少年参与棒球培训行为意向、自我效能与结果预期有着显著正向影响，同时能够通过自我效能与结果预期的中介效应正向影响参与棒球培训行为意向：2.培训环境对青少年参与棒球培训行为意向、自我效能与结果预期有着显著正向影响，同时能够通过自我效能与结果预期的中介效应正向影响参与棒球培训行为意向：3.自我效能对青少年参与棒球培训行为意向有着显著正向影响；4结果预期对青少年参与棒球培训行为意向有着显著正向影响。基于研究结果，本文提出以下四点建议：1.提升棒球运动普及率，增强棒球与家庭黏性关系：2.棒球培训机构优化升级，实现机构标准化运营：3.完善上海市青少年棒球赛事体系，建立优秀球员激励机制：4.关注青少年个体认知，充分开发棒球兴趣与潜力。同时笔者指出今后的研究可以进一步丰富理论研究角度，运用纵向研究的方法，深入分析上海市青少年参与棒球培训后继续参与行为意向的影响因素。关键词：青少年：棒球培训：社会认知理论：参与行为意向：影响因素AbstractSports training industry is a subdivided format after the development of sportsindustry in recent years,which plays a positive role in cultivating sports populationand promoting the development of sports fitness and leisure,sports competitionperformance and sports equipment manufacturing.With its important role in thegrowth of youth groups and the strong support of relevant policies such as Opinionson Promoting National Fitness and Sports Consumption to Promote the High-qualityDevelopment of Sports Industry Opinions on Deepening the Integration of Sports andEducation and Promoting the Healthy Development of Adolescents )youth sportstraining has received more and more attention from the party and the government.Asa characteristic branch of the sports training industry,although it started relatively late,junior baseball training has been widely recognized by parents and teenagers by virtueof its unique sports charm.Baseball training helps teenagers to learn the professionalknowledge of baseball and improve their baseball level and sports ability.At the sametime,in the training and competition,we can cultivate their individual sense ofcompetition and team spirit,integrate into the long history of baseball culture,andfully enjoy the competitive fun of baseball.In order to analyze the behavior intention of teenagers in Shanghai to participatein baseball training,explore the important factors that affect the behavior intention,and sort out the internal influence mechanism among these factors,this studyconstructed a conceptual model of behavior intention of Shanghai teenagers toparticipate in baseball training from the perspective of social cognitive theory,and putforward theoretical hypotheses and tested them.In this study,398 valid questionnaires were collected from the players whoparticipated in the 2021 Shanghai "PONY"League Junior Spring Baseball Challengeand the 2021 "Soft Silver Eagle"Cup Junior