珍稀观赏竹筇竹、峨眉箬竹挥发性有机物的研究

浅析公园绿地园林树木养护管理技术—以苏州公园为例摘要摘要：本文通过动态顶空套袋采样的方法，利用全自动热脱附/气相色谱/质谱联用(Thermal-desorption Cold Trap/Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrum,TCT/GC/MS)对珍稀观赏竹筇竹(Qiongzhuea tumidinoda)、峨眉箬竹(Indocalamusemeiensis)挥发性有机物(Volatile Organic Compounds,OCs)所含有的成分、含量及动态变化进行了采样、鉴定及分析，寻找V0Cs中具有对人体有益的特殊组分和浓度，研究其生理生态特性和在城市园林中的生态功能。从而为观赏竹在城市园林中的合理应用与优化配置提供科学依据并尽快实现竹类植物在生态园林中的快速全面发装展，也可为城市园林植物的环境效益及保健功能的研究提供参考。研究表明，筇竹竹叶挥发物的主要成分为酯、醇、酸、醛、酮、烷烃等化合物：而峨眉箬竹竹叶挥发物的主要成分为酯、醇、酸、醛、酮、烯烃等化合物。筇竹和峨订眉箬竹挥发性成分均以酯类和醛类为主，含有(z,z)-9,12-十八酸二烯甲酯、(z)-9十八烯酸甲酯、13-二十二烯酸甲酯、2-己基环丙烷辛酸甲酯、癸醛、壬醛、辛醛、十二醛、2-壬烯醛、反式4-壬烯醛等成分，说明两种竹类可能在缓解紧张情绪、抑菌方面效果较好：还含有叶绿醇等成分，说明可能有利于增加新鲜空气的增长率。挥线发物中萜类、醇类、醛类和酯类数量较多，是芳香疗法起作用的主要成分，比如辛醛、癸醛、壬醛、十一醛、十二醛、2-壬烯醛、反式-4壬烯醛等具有蜡香、清香、甜香、柑橘香气和玫瑰香韵等。因此，这些挥发性气味和分泌物质能够改善人体的心理和生理状态，起到健体强身的作用，以消除高度紧张带来的文明病，解除心里紧张、情绪烦躁以及精神忧郁等问题。关键词：筇竹；峨眉箬竹：竹叶；挥发性有机物：热脱附/气相色谱/质谱联用法分析ABSTRACTAbstract:In this paper,the Thermal desorption Cold Trap/Gas Chromatograph/MassSpectrum was analyzed by dynamic headspace bagging sampling method.TCT/GC/MS)onVolatile Organic compounds of the rare ornamental bamboo Qiongzhuea tumidinoda andIndocalamus emeiensis Compounds,VOCs)contained in the composition,content anddynamic changes of sampling,identification and analysis,to find VOCs has beneficial tothe human body of the special components and concentration,study its ecophysiologicalcharacteristics and ecological functions in urban gardens.It provides scientific basis forthe rational application and optimal allocation of ornamental bamboo in urban gardensand realizes the rapid and comprehensive development of bamboo plants in ecological装gardens as soon as possible,and also provides reference for the study of environmental号benefits and health care functions of urban garden plants.The results showed that the volatiles of Qiongqiao leaf were mainly composed ofester,alcohol,acid,aldehydes,ketone and alkanes.The main constituents of leaves订volatiles of Sasa palmata are esters,alcohols,acids,aldehydes,ketones and alkenes.Thevolatile components of Qionghu and Indocalpala emei are mainly ester and aldehyde,andcontain (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecanodiene methyl,(Z)-9-octadecenoic acid methyl,13-docoenoic acid methyl,2-hexyl cyclopropanoctanoic acid methyl,decanal,nonaldehyde,octanal,dodecal,2-nonenal,trans-4-nonenal and other components.Theseresults indicated that the two bamboos may have better effects on relieving tension andbacteriostasis.It also contains chlorophyl and other components,indicating that it may bebeneficial to increase the growth rate of fresh air.Terpenoids,alcohols,aldehydes andesters are the main components of aromatherapy,such as octanal,decanal,nonaldehyde,undecanal,dodecal,2-nonenal,trans-4-nonenal,etc.,with wax,sweet,sweet,citrus androse fragrance.Therefore,these volatile smell and secrete material can improve thepsychological and physiological state of human body,play the role of physical fitness,inorder to eliminate the civilized disease brought by high tension,relieve the tension in theheart,emotional irritability and mental depress