抗感冒药物成分的药理特征及其临床用药研究

抗感冒药物成分的药理特征及其临床用药研究摘要感冒是最为常见和多发的一种疾病，用于治疗感冒的药物也成为家庭必备，而且往往不止一种。目前，用于治疗感冒的方法很多，主要包括对症治疗，抗病毒治疗和免疫调节治疗，以及可以用于细菌感染的抗生素治疗。由于目前人们对医学方面知识的普遍缺乏，导致一旦患病，人们就急于取得成功。例如，中西药混合使用，或者出现多种治疗感冒的药物同时服用的情况，甚至于患者本身对每种药物的不良反应并未做详细了解，就会加大用药风险。市面上有很多含有西药成分的中成药，西药的解热药和镇痛药有很多的相似和不同之处，很容易导致重复和过度使用，最终会导致一系列的不良反应的发生。因此，患者在服药时应对药物的成分、注意事项及不良反应等进行详细了解，达到药物的合理使用。本文首先对抗过敏性、止咳、解热镇痛、抗充血性等感冒药物的药理性进行概括和分析：其次，针对目前市面上常见的感冒药进行分类分析：最后，从中药和西药的角度，对如何正确选用感冒药给出了建议，并对可能产生的不良反应进行了阐述。本文的研究对于准确掌握药物的药理特征，根据患者的病情和体质科学用药，避免药物对患者身体的副作用，并尽快帮助患者康复具有一定的意义。关键词：抗感冒药，药物成分，药理特性，临床药物分析1AbstractColds are one of the most common and frequent diseases,and medicines used totreat colds have become a must-have in families,often more than one.At present,there are many methods used to treat colds,mainly including symptomatic treatment,antiviral therapy and immunomodulatory therapy,as well as antibiotic treatment thatcan be used for bacterial infections.Due to the current general lack of knowledgeabout medicine,people are eager to succeed once they fall ill.For example,thecombination of Chinese and Western medicines,or the simultaneous taking ofmultiple drugs for colds,or even the patients themselves do not have a detailedunderstanding of the adverse reactions of each drug,will increase the risk ofmedication.There are many proprietary Chinese medicines containing Westernmedicine ingredients on the market,and Western antipyretics and analgesics havemany similarities and differences,which can easily lead to repeated and excessive use,and eventually lead to a series of adverse reactions.Therefore,patients should have adetailed understanding of the ingredients,precautions and adverse reactions of thedrug when taking the drug to achieve the rational use of the drug.In this paper,thepharmacorationality of cold drugs such as anti-allergy,cough,antipyretic andanalgesic,and anti-decongestant is summarized and analyzed.Secondly,theclassification and analysis of common cold medicines on the market are carried out;Finally,from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine,suggestions on how to correctly choose cold medicine are given,and possible adversereactions are explained.The research in this paper is of certain significance foraccurately grasping the pharmacological characteristics of drugs,scientifically usingdrugs according to the patient's condition and constitution,avoiding the side effects ofdrugs on the patient's body,and helping patients recover as soon as possible.Key words Anticold medicine,drug composition,pharmacologicalproperties,clinical drug analysis2目录摘要.Abstract..…31绪论…1.1研究背景11.2研究现状2抗感冒药物成分的药理特征32.1抗过敏性感冒药物成分.32.2抗充血性感冒药物成分32.3止咳感冒药物成分32.4解热镇痛感冒药物成分3临床常见感冒药物的成分54抗感冒药物的合理选用74.1如何正确选用药物74.1.1西药方面...74.1.2中成药治疗74.2抗感冒药滥用导致不良反应.84.3如何合理使用抗感冒药物…9总结与展望11参考文献….12致谢…133